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| the use of devices, such as solar panels, to collect, focus, transport, or store solar energy |
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| the cleanest burning coal; almost pure carbon |
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| the unit used to describe the volume of fossil fuels |
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| the second purest form of coal |
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| the form petroleum takes when in the ground |
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| a nuclear reaction in which the atomic nucleus, especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium, splits into fragments, usually two fragments of comparable mass, releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of energy |
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| a hydrocarbon deposit, such as petroleum, coal, or natural gas, derived from living matter of a previous geologic time and used for fuel |
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| first law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
| says that energy can be neither created nor destroyed; it can only be transferred and transformed |
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| a waste product produced by the burning of coal |
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| the amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay. |
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| Hubbert Peak (aka Peak oil) |
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| an influential theory that concerns the long-term rate of conventional oil, and other fossil fuels, extraction and depletion. It predicts that the future world oil production will soon reach a peak and then rapidly decline |
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| power generated by using water |
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| the least pure coal, and softest |
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| the process of fusing two nuclei |
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| the rocks and earth that are removed when mining for a commercially valuable mineral resource |
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| passive solar energy collection |
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| the use of building materials, building placement, and design to passively collect solar energy that can be used to keep a building warm or cool |
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| oil, a hydrocarbon that forms as sediments are buried and pressurized |
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| a semiconductor device that converts the energy of sunlight into electric energy |
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| energy at rest, or stored energy |
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| an estimate of the amount of fossil fuel that can be obtained from the reserve |
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| devices containing alkaline substances that precipitate out much of the sulfur dioxide from industrial plants |
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Term
| second law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
| says that the entropy (disorder)of the universe is increasing. one corollary of the second law of thermodynamics is the concept that, in most energy transformations, a significant fraction of energy is lost to the universe as heat |
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| involves the removal of the earth's surface all the way down to the mineral seam |
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| the third purest form of coal |
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| involves the sinking of shafts to reach underground deposits. in this type of mining, networks of tunnels are dug or blasted and humans enter these tunnels in order to manually retrieve the coal |
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| a group of modern windmils |
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