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| any sentence in which the normal word order is reversed, with the verb coming before the subject or the complete subject and predicate coming after another clause |
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| structure in which similar forms of nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts. Maintains balance. E.G. "Lilly likes reading, writing, and skiing". |
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| a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety. |
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| Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps makes the writer's point more coherent. |
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| Repetition in reverse order, e.g. "One should eat to live, not live to eat". |
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| The presentation of two contrasting ideas. The ideas are balanced by phrase, clause, or paragraphs. |
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| a construction in which elements are presented in a series without conjunctions. E.G. JFK's inaugural address |
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| using several conjuctions in close succession, especially where one might be omitted |
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| Placing one noun or noun-equivalent beside another in a sentence to add description or explanation. The noun must be equal in function and bear the same relation to the rest of the sentence as the original noun. |
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| a statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause |
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| a sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clause |
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| Main clause is split in two; subordinate material is inbetween |
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| a sentence that follows the customary word order of Engish sentences: The main idea of the sentence is presented first and is then followed by one or more independent clauses |
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| main clause occupies the middle; subordinate material between. 1. After digging a large hole, I planted the tree, which was also large and hard to manage |
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| a statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is strucuturally reversed |
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| repeating a word from the beginning of a clause at the end of the same clause. e.g. "year after year" |
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| repeating the last word of a clause at the beginning of the next clause. ex. I like food. Food is good |
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| repetition of a word or expression at the end of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or verses especially for rhetorical or poetic effect |
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| exhorts, advises, and calls to action "let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of elaborating those problems which divide us" |
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| phrases composed of a series of short, sharp sounds or words. Expressed in a brief, pointed manner. Staccato sentences: a plain, tough style of narration. Leads to greater believabiltiy; the audience trusts a writer more who doesn't use excessive words |
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| the melodic pattern preceding the end of a sentence; for instance, in an interrogation or an exhortation; and also the rhythm of accented unit. Refers to the natural rhythm of language, its "inner tune" depending on the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables. |
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| thr phrases or clauses each other by virtue of their likeness or structure, meaning, or length. EX. "He maketh me to lie down in gree pastures; he leadeth me beside the still waters." |
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| one in which the subordinate elements come at the end to call attention to them. "He learned to fix the cars from Alice McMahon, en elderly spinster who used to party with Volvo mechanics." |
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| a long and frequently involved sentence, marked by suspended syntax, in which the sense is not completed until the final word--usually with an emphatic climax. |
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| customary word order changed for emphasis. E.g. "Ask not what your country can do for you...", "The first time I ever saw your face." |
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| parallel structure in which the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure, but in length. "An envious heart makes a treacherous ear." |
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has TWO or MORE independent clauses (TWO subjects and TWO verbs joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction)
for
and
but |
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