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an appeal to the audience's sympathy; an attempt to pursuade another using a hard-luck story rather than logic or reason. "Oh, Mom, everyone in my clas is going to the party. Do you want me to be left out?" |
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the repetition of accented consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are close to each other, usually to create an effect, rhythm, or emphasis Big,bad, barking dog. The noisy gnat knit nine sweaters. |
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a reference in literature or in art to previous literature, history, mythology, pop culture/current events, or the Bible "it may be we shall touch the Happy Isles And see the great Achilles, whom we knew" Allusion is to Achilles, a heroic leader in the Trojan War. |
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| quality of being intentionally unclear. Events or situations that are ambiguous can be interpreted in more than one way. |
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an element in a story that is out of its time frame; sometimes used to create a humorous or jarring effect. In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare mentions caps, which the Romans did not wear. |
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Equivalency or likeness of relations the island in The Lord of the Flies before the boys arrived is analogous to the Garden of Eden |
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the process of examining the components of a literary work an analysis of Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre might make a reference to the novel's Gothic setting or elements of suspense. |
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the poetic foot (measure) that follows the pattern unaccented, unaccented, accented. The poet is usually trying to convey a rol-licking, moving rhythm with this pattern "I am monarch of all I survey" |
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a short and often personal story used to emphasize a point, to develop a character or theme, or to inject humor In the Great Gatsby there is the anectdote about Tom Buchanan's liason with the chambermaid during his honeymoon that speaks volumes about his character. |
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acharacter who functions as a resisting force to the goals of the protagonist. It is often a villian. Iago from Othello and Macduff from Macbeth are antagonists. |
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the word or phrase to which a pronoun refers. Emily, Caroline and Nat went to the store. They should be back soon. They is the antecedent of Emily, Caroline and Nat |
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an often disappointing, sudden end to an intense situation many critics consider Jim's capture in the adventures of Huckleberry Finn an example of an anticlimax |
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a protagonist who carries the action of the literary piece but does not embody the classic characteristics of courage, strength, and nobility Holden Caufield in the Catcher in the Rye |
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the concept that is directly opposed to a previously presented idea in the popular star wars movie trilogy, Darth Vader, of the Dark Side of the Force, represents ideas that are diametrically opposed to those of the Jedi Knights |
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a terse statement that expresses a general truth or moral principle; sometimes considered a folk proverb "Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise." |
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a rhetorical figure of direct address to a person, object, or abstract entity |
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elevating someone to the level of a god Helen of Troy is considered the apotheosis of beauty |
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| a character, situation, or symbol that is familiar to people from all cultures because it occurs frequently in literature, myth, religion, or folklore |
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| a short speech or remark made by an actor to the audience rather than to the other characters, who do not hear him. |
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the repeated use of a vowel sound how now brown cow |
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| the author's feelings towards the topic he or she is writing about revealed through word choice. Often used interchangably with tone |
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| a poem or song about lovers who must leave one another in the early hours of the morning |
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| a folk song or poem passed down orally that tells a story which may be derived from an actual incident or from legend. Often contain a refrain |
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| unrhymed poetry of iambic pentameter (five feet of two syllables each - unstressed and stressed) favored technique of shakespeare |
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| harsh, discordant sounds, unpleasant to the ear; the sound of nails scratching a blackboard is cacophonous |
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Latin for "seize the day"
frequently used in 16th and 17th century poetry
expresses the idea that you only live once |
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in his "poetics", Aristotle wrote that a tragedy should "arouse pity and fear in such a way as to accomplish a catharsis of such emotions in the audience" The terms refers to an emotional cleansing or feeling of relief
many cry at the end of "gone with the wind" empathizing with Scarlett O'Hara and her losses. They are experiencing catharsis |
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the opposite of parallel construction; inverting the second of two that would otherwise be in parallel form
Parallel: "I like the idea; i don't like its execution."
Chiasmus: "I like the idea; its excecution, i don't." |
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of or relating to slang or regional dialect, used in familiar everyday conversation. In writing, an informal style that reflects the way people spoke in a distinct time and/or place
Pap's speech in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn |
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| humor that provides a release of tension and breaks up a more serious episode |
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| a far-fetched comparison between two seemingly unlike things; an extended metaphor that gains appeal from its unusual or extraordinary comparison |
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associations a word calls to mind.
house and home have the same dictionary meaning, but home connotes warmth and security while house does not |
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same consonant sound in words with different vowel sounds
the following word group reflects consonance: work, stack ark |
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| a character with traits that are expected or traditional. Heroes are expected to be strong, adventurous and unafraid |
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two successive rhyming lines of the same number of syllables with matching cadence
"hope springs eternal in the human breast:/ man never is, but always to be blest." |
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| foot of poetry with three syllables, one stressed and two short or unstressed |
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| the dictionary or literal meaning of a word or phrase |
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| the outcome or clarification at the end of a story or play; hte winding down from climax to ending |
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| literally, when the gods intervene at a story's end to resolve a seemingly impossible conflict. |
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| the deliberate choice of a style of language for a desired effect or tone. Words chosen to achieve a particular effect that is formal, informal, or colloqial |
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