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AP English Green Sheet #1
definitions
56
English
11th Grade
09/28/2009

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Term
narration
Definition
writing that represents a series of events
Term
fiction
Definition
prose writing that tells about imaginary characters and events
Term
description
Definition
writing that is portrayed in words,of something that can be perceived by the senses
Term
exposition
Definition
writing that explains a position posed by the writer
Term
persuasion
Definition
writing that tries to convince the reader or listener to think/ act in a certain way
Term
argumentation
Definition
a persuasive piece of writing that presents and logically supports a particular view or opinion ( sometimes distinguished from persuasion, which relies in an emotional appeal, nt reason or logic)
Term
narration/description
Definition
tells a story to make a point or creates a picture to evoke the senses
Term
illustration
Definition
to first state a general idea and follow w/ specific reasons, examples, facts and details to support the general idea
Term
defintion
Definition
clarifying a situation by establishing limits for what a word/ concept can and cannot mean
Term
classification/ division
Definition
to move upward from specific example to some feature that they have in common (class) or to move downward from some concept to some system of sub categories within that concept
Term
cause and effect
Definition
to show relationships between events and their reesults
Term
compare and contrast
Definition
to demonstrate that one object is better than another or to reveal a particular relationship between two objects
Term
process analysis
Definition
an operation that moves through a series of steps to bring about a desired result
Term
order of importance
Definition
organizing an arguement by presenting the steps in the process first to last by presenting details followed by a geberal statement or conclusion or presrnting ideas in order of their physical position (top-bottom, left-right, background-foreground)
Term
plot
Definition
the series of related events that make up a narrative such as a story, novel, or epic
Term
exposition
Definition
introduces the characters,setting and usually the narrative's major conflict
Term
narrative hook
Definition
a literary device used at the begnning of a story/novel for the purpose of arousing a readers curiosity and encouraging them to read further
Term
rising action
Definition
accelerates and adds complications to the plot
Term
conflict
Definition
a struggle or clash between opposing characyers, forces, or emotions
Term
climax
Definition
the moment of greatest emotionaal intensity or suspense
Term
falling action
Definition
unraveling of the complications
Term
resolution
Definition
settles the plot's conflicts
Term
epilouge
Definition
a short addition at the end of literary work, often dealing with the future of its characters
Term
foreshadow
Definition
a clue or clues that hint at what is going to happen later in the plot
Term
flashback
Definition
a scene in a narrative work that interrups thee present action of the plot to "flash backward" and tell what happened at an earlier time
Term
setting
Definition
the time and place of a story, play or narrative poem
Term
physical setting
Definition
where the story actually takes place
Term
emotional/atmosphere/mood
Definition
feeling about a scene or subject created for a reader by the writers selection of words details
Term
point of view
Definition
the vantage from which a writer tells a story
Term
first person
Definition
the narrator is a character in the story
Term
third person- limited
Definition
the narrator is outside the story-like an omniscient narrator but tells the story from the vantage point of only one character
Term
third person - objective
Definition
used in non-fiction to be factual and free of personal opinion and judgement
Term
third person-omniscient
Definition
the narrator knowws everything that is going on in the story, but is outside the story. Acting like as a godlike observer who can tell us what all the characters are thinking/feeling
Term
characterization
Definition
the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character
Term
theme
Definition
the central idea/insight of a work of literature
Term
analogy
Definition
a comparison of two things to show that they are alike in certain respects
Term
simile
Definition
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seeingly unlike things by using a connective word such as like, as than, or resembles
Term
metaphor
Definition
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two seemingly unlike things w/o using the connective words like, as, than or resembles
Term
personification
Definition
a kind of metaphor in which a non-human thing or quality is talked baout as if it were human
Term
allusion
Definition
a reference to a statement,person, place, event, or thing that is known from literature, history, religon, myth, politics, or some other field of knowledge
Term
images/imagery
Definition
language that appeals to the senses
Term
details
Definition
words that name or state explicitly
Term
pun
Definition
a play on words, sometimes on the similar sense or sound of different words
Term
euphemism
Definition
the act or an example of the substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensive
Term
metonymy
Definition
a figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name/desgnate something
Term
synecdoche
Definition
a fig. of speech by which a more inclusive term is used for a less inclusive term or vice versa
Term
periphrasis
Definition
the use of circumlocation
Term
apostrophe
Definition
a fig. of speech in which a speaker directly addresses an absent or dead person, a deity, an abstract quality or something non-human as if it were present and capable of responding
Term
symbol/symbolism
Definition
a person, place, thing or event that stands for something beyond itself
Term
motif
Definition
a word, character, object, image, metaphor or idea that recurrs in a work/ several works
Term
archetype
Definition
a pattern or model that serves as the basis for different but related versions of a character plot image or theme
Term
irony
Definition
a contrast or discrepency between expectations and reality. between what is said, and what is really meant, between what is expected and what really happens or between what appears to be true and what really is true
Term
oxymoron
Definition
a fig. of speech that combines apparently contridictory or opposing ideas
Term
paradox
Definition
an apparent contridiction that is actually true
Term
attitude
Definition
the situation plus the opinion or bias of the writer (articulated in a sentence)
Term
tone
Definition
the means by which an attitude is conveyed (articulated in a word)
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