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AP English Final Exam First Semester
These are flaschards for the first semester's final exam for AP English Language and Composition class.
63
English
11th Grade
12/15/2011

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Cards

Term
Anadiplosis
Definition
Repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of following clause.
Term
Anaphora
Definition
The repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of successive clauses.
Term
Antimetabole
Definition
Repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order.
Term
Antithesis
Definition
The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often used in parallel structure.
Term
Apposition
Definition
Placing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first.
Term
Asyndeton
Definition
Deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses.
Term
Chiasmus
Definition
Reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses.
Term
Climax
Definition
Arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing importance.
Term
Ellipsis
Definition
Deliberate omission of a word or words which are readily implied by the context.
Term
Epanalepsis
Definition
Repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause.
Term
Epistrophe
Definition
Repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses.
Term
Hyperbole
Definition
A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect.
Term
Isocolon
Definition
A scheme of parallel structure which occurs when the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure but also in length.
Term
Parallelism
Definition
Similarity of structure in a pair or serious of related word, phrases, or clauses.
Term
Parenthesis
Definition
Insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentences.
Term
Polyptoton
Definition
Repetition of words derived from the same root.
Term
Polysyndeton
Definition
Deliberate use of many conjunctions.
Term
Rhetorical Question
Definition
A question to which no answer is expected.
Term
Syntax
Definition
Constructs of [Syntax]: Functional, Grammatical, and rhetorical
Term
[Functional]: Declarative
Definition
A Statement
Term
[Functional]: Interrogative
Definition
A Question
Term
[Functional]: Imperative
Definition
A Command/A Request
Term
[Functional]: Exclamatory
Definition
Strong Emotional Sentence
Term
[Grammatical]: Simple
Definition
One independent clause
Term
[Grammatical]: Compound
Definition
Contains at least two independent clauses
Term
[Grammatical]: Complex
Definition
An independent clause joined with a dependent clause
Term
[Grammatical]: Compound-Complex
Definition
Two independent clauses with one dependent clause
Term
[Rhetorical]: Periodic
Definition
Subject of the sentence is held until the end
Term
[Rhetorical]: Cumulative
Definition
Independent clause followed by subordinate clauses
Term
Clauses
Definition
Dependent and Independent
Term
[Clauses]:Dependent
Definition
A phrase that can not stand alone in a sentence
Term
[Clauses]: Independent
Definition
A phrase with a subject and a verb that can stand alone
Term
Analysis vs. Summary
Definition
Analysis: examines a summary in order to figure out a deeper meaning to the piece

Summary: Takes the piece and shrinks it (makes it simpler) in order to grasp the main idea
Term
Steps in Analysis
Definition
1. Summarize the article that you have read. Provide some details on what the background is and give some information on why it was selected for the purpose of analysis.
2. Introduce your arguments and claims on the issues provided by the reference article. Give your opinions to the readers and assert a solid argument about it.
3. Start analyzing, this is the main goal of an analysis essay. Present your own assumptions and your take on the issues presented by the article. Give explanations as to why you think the way you analyze the essay. Give proofs and evidences for your arguments and claims.
4. You may also include some analysis on the other side of the argument to make the discussions balanced.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]: Diction
Definition
Choice and use of words in speech or writing.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]: Syntax
Definition
The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]: Imagery
Definition
The use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]:Figurative Language
Definition
The use of words, phrases, symbols, and ideas in such as way as to evoke mental images and sense impressions.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]: Structure
Definition
The way in which parts are arranged or put together to form a whole.
Term
[Rhetorical Choices]: Tone
Definition
The way that the author makes one feel when reading a piece.
Term
[Argumentation]: Defend
Definition
To provide support for an argument.
Term
[Argumentation]: Refute
Definition
To prove an argument wrong by providing evidence.
Term
[Argumentation]: Qualify
Definition
To not agree or disagree. To prove neither side.
Term
[Argument Terminology]: Claim
Definition
States your position on the issue you have chosen to write about.
Term
[Argument Terminology]: Evidence
Definition
Support for the claim.
Term
[Argument Terminology]: Warrant
Definition
Provides reasons for the use of that evidence in order to tie it back to the claim.
Term
Rhetorical Triangle
Definition
Ethos (character), Pathos (emotion), and Logos (logic)
Term
Underlining vs. Quotation Marks
Definition
Underline when the piece is long such as a novel. (Long things get long marks)

Use quotation Marks for small pieces or quotes. (Small things get small marks)
Term
[Conventions]: Capitalization
Definition
First letter in a sentence is upper case followed by letters in lower case. (Also I will always be upper case when it stands alone)
Term
[Conventions]: Grammar
Definition
Grammar includes proper spelling, numbers, adjective/adverb, appositives, prepositions, pronouns, subject/verb agreement, verb tenses, active verb tenses, and irregular verbs.
Term
[Conventions]: Punctuation
Definition
Symbols that indicate the structure and organization of written language, as well as intonation and pauses to be observed when reading.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Candid
Definition
frank; outspoken; open and sincere
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Enthusiasm
Definition
To have a vested interest in a cause or idea
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Colloquial
Definition
Characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Condemnatory
Definition
Expressing strong disapproval or censure.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Outraged
Definition
Extreme negative passion and outburst of anger.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Hysterical
Definition
Uncontrollably emotional.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Consoling
Definition
To alleviate or lessen the grief, sorrow, or disappointment of; give solace or comfort.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Supportive
Definition
To be for something; to be in favor with something.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Sympathetic
Definition
To feel sad emotions for another person.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Sneering
Definition
To mock or make fun of by sarcasm.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Condescending
Definition
To look down upon.
Term
[Tone Vocabulary]: Judgemental
Definition
To have a strong opinion of someone or something.
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