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AP Comparative Government CHAPTER 4
Comparative Flashcards- CH. 4
39
International Studies
11th Grade
05/14/2012

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Term
Alliance
Definition
Coalition of British Liberals and Social Democrats in the 1980s that became the Liberal Democrats of today.
Term
Backbenchers
Definition
Members of a parliament who are not in the government or shadow cabinet.
Term
Beveridge Report
Definition
Published in the 1940s; set the stage for the British welfare state.
Term
CBI
Definition
Confederation of British Industry.
Term
Collective Responsibility
Definition
The doctrine that all cabinet members must agree with all decisions.
Term
Collectivist Consensus
Definition
Cross-party British support for the welfare state that lasted until the late 1970s.
Term
Confederation of British Industry (CBI)
Definition
The leading British business interest group.
Term
Conservative Party
Definition
Britain’s most important right-of-center party, in power more often than not for two centuries.
Term
COREPER
Definition
The Committee of Permanent Representatives in the European Union, made up of the head or deputy head of mission from the EU member states in Brussels.
Term
Corporatism
Definition
arrangements through which government, business, and labor leaders cooperatively set microeconomic or macroeconomic policy, normally outside of the regular electoral legislative process
Term
Deference
Definition
The condition of submitting to the espoused, legitimate influence of one's superior or superiors. It implies a yielding or submitting to the judgment of a recognized superior out of respect or reverence.
Term
Devolution
Definition
The process of decentralizing power from national governments that stops short of federalism.
Term
ECSC
Definition
The European Coal and Steel Community, one of the precursors of the European Union, formerd in 1951.
Term
Euroskeptic
Definition
People opposed to expansion of the EU’s power.
Term
First-past-the-Post
Definition
Electoral system based on single-member districts in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins.
Term
Good Friday Agreement
Definition
A practical peace agreement reached by the major parties in Northern Ireland with the British and Irish governments on, not surprisingly, Good Friday 1998.
Term
Gradualism
Definition
The belief that change should occur slowly or incrementally.
Term
Great Reform Act
Definition
Law passed in 1832 that expanded the suffrage; widely seen as a key step toward democracy in Britain.
Term
House of Commons
Definition
The all-important lower house of the British Parliament.
Term
House of Lords
Definition
The weaker upper house of the British Parliament, slated for reform or abolition.
Term
Labour Party
Definition
The leading left-wing party in Britain, in power since 1997.
Term
Liberal Democratic Party
Definition
The number-three party and in some ways the most radical in Britain
Term
Maastricht Party
Definition
Created the EU and EMU; signed in 1992.
Term
Magna Carta
Definition
The 1215 charter required King John of England to proclaim certain liberties, and accept that his will was not arbitrary, for example by explicitly accepting that no "freeman" (in the sense of non-serf) could be punished except through the law of the land, a right which is still in existence today.
Term
Manifesto
Definition
In Britain and other parliamentary systems, another term for a party’s platform in an election campaign.
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
U.S. funds provided for reconstruction of Europe after World War II.
Term
Nationalization
Definition
Philosophies or attitudes that stress the importance of extending the power or support for a nation; government takeover of private business.
Term
Noblesse Oblige
Definition
A French phrase literally meaning "nobility obliges".
Term
Parliamentary Party
Definition
The members of parliament from a single party.
Term
Privatization
Definition
The selling off of state-owned companies.
Term
Proportional Representation
Definition
Electoral system in which parties receive a number of seats in parliament proportionate to their share of the vote.
Term
SDP
Definition
Britain’s former Social Democratic Party
Term
Shadow Cabinet
Definition
In systems like Britain's, the official leadership of the opposition party that “shadows” the cabinet.
Term
Third Way
Definition
A term used to describe the new and more central left-wing parties of the 1990s, most notably Britain's New Labour.
Term
Three-line Whip
Definition
In a parliamentary system, statements to MPs that they must vote according to the party's wishes.
Term
Tories
Definition
Informal name for Britain's Conservative Party.
Term
Trade Unions Congress (TUC)
Definition
Britain’s leading trade union confederation.
Term
UK
Definition
United Kingdom.
Term
White Paper
Definition
In Britain and elsewhere, a government statement that outlines proposed legislation; the last stage before the submission of a formal bill.
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