Term
| Isotopes have the same number of ______ but differ in the number of their____. |
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Definition
| Isotopes have the same number of protons but differ in the number of their neutrons. Since protons and neutrons together make up the majority of the mass of an atom, isotopes of an element have significantly different masses. |
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Term
| Electrons that have the same n are in the same ______? |
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Definition
| Electrons that have the same principal quantum number, n, are in the same electron shell. For example, all n=2 electrons are in the second energy level. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything that has mass and occupies space. Chemistry is the study of the properties and states of matter. Matter is made up of elements. |
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Definition
| The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical properties of that element. Each element is made up of one specific type of atom, and the identity of those atoms determines the properties of the element. |
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Definition
| A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Most matter that exists on Earth is the result of the chemical combination of about 100 elements. Elements contain only one type of atom. |
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Definition
| A positively charged particle that exists (along with neutrons) in the nucleus of the atom. The number of protons an atom possesses gives it its identity and is called the atomic number. |
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Definition
| Particles that reside, along with protons, in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons are neutral, meaning that they have no net electric charge. The mass number of an atom refers to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons. |
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Definition
| A negatively charged particle that exists in the spave surrounding the atomic nucleus. The negatively charged electrons are attracted to the psitively charged protons in the nucleus. Neutral atoms have an equal number of electrons and protons. |
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Definition
| The total number of protons that exist in an atom's nucleus. All the atoms of a particular element have the same atomic number. |
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Definition
| The number of an atom's protons plus the number of its neutrons. |
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Term
| Electrons that have the same l are in the same ______. |
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Definition
| Electrons that have the l are in the same subshell. Electrons that have the n and the same l are in the same shell and subshell. Subshells are indicated by the principal quantum number, n, and the second quantum number, l. |
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Definition
| Mathematical functions that describe the behavior of electrons in atoms. These are usally represented by ψ or ψ2 and give information about the location of an electron in certain energy states. |
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Definition
| A set of wave functions and energies that describe the distribution of electron density in the space around an atomic nucleus. Orbitals express the probability of an electron being in a certain place. Each type of orbital has a characteristic size and shape. |
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Term
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Definition
| A number used to describe an orbital. Four quantum numbers are used in the quantum mechanical model: n, s, l, ml, ms. |
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