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AP Chem: REDOX
not red ox
14
Chemistry
12th Grade
11/03/2010

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Cards

Term

1. Electrolyte (give 3 examples)

2. Nonelectrolyte (give 2 examples)

Definition

1. A solute whose aqueous solution contains ions and conducts electricity (acids, bases, salt)

2. A solute whose aqueous solution does not conduct electricity (sugar, benzene, most organic compounds)

Term

1. Anode

2. Cathode

Definition

1. A positively charged electrode which attracts anions. Where oxidation take places

2. A negatively charged electrode which attracts cations. Where reduction takes place

Term

1. Oxidation

2. Reduction

Definition

1. The loss of electrons

2. The gain of electrons

Term

1. Electrode potential

2. Half reaction

Definition

1. A measure in volts of the tendency of atoms to gain or lose electrons (relative to a H2 oxidation reaction which has an assigned value of zero)

2. One of the two parts, either the reduction or the oxidation, of an oxidation - reduction reaction

Term

Write half reactions:

1. Oxidation of sodium metal

2. Reduction of sulfur atoms

Definition

1. Na → Na+ + e-

2. S + 2e- → S-2

Term
How can you determine if a redox reaction will take place spontaneously
Definition
Add the electrode potentails of two half reactions. If the result is positive, the reaction is spontaneous; if negative, the reaction is not spontaneous
Term

Electrolytic reaction

Give 2 examples

Definition

Redox reactions which do not occur spontaneously can be forced to take place by supplying an external current

(electroplating, electrolysis)

Term
Electromotive series
Definition
A chart listing the relative activities (oxidation potential) of metals
Term
Faraday
Definition

A unit of electric charge which deposits by electrolysis one equivalent weight of an element

Equals 96,500 coulombs

Term
Equivalent weight
Definition
The number of grams of an element which will accept or donate 1 mole of electrons
Term
How many fardays are required to reduce 108g of Ag ions to Ag metal from molten AgCl
Definition

A faraday reduces 1 equivalent weight of substance

There are 108g in 1 mole of Ag. The reaction requires 1 faraday

Term

Voltaic cell

give 2 examples

Definition

A "battery". Spontaneous redox reactions between chemicals inside to create voltage

(lead storage batter - in cars; dry cell - for flashlights etc.)

Term
Oxidizing agent
Definition

A substance which causes another substance to be oxidized

(Oxidizing agent is simultaneously reduced)

Term
Reducing agent
Definition

A substance which causess another substance to be reduced

(Reducing agent is simultaneously oxidized)

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