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| Steps in Scientific Method |
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Definition
1. Observation 2. Hypothesis 3. Experiment 4. Conclusion |
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Definition
Different species of finches adapted to their surroundings. Found fossils of armadillos, extinct at his time, that closely resembled armadillos of the time. |
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| 13/4 Most Common Elements |
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Definition
C HOPKINS CaFe MgNaCl
CHON |
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Term
| Reasons for Big 4 Elements? |
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Definition
H2O makes most of biomass
C in every organic molecule(binding sites)
All can form gases, covalent bonds |
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Term
| Special Properties of Water |
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Definition
| Adhesion, Cohesion, High scpecific heat, Soluble |
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Term
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Definition
Hydroxyl -OH
Carboxyl -COOH
Amino - NH2
Phosphate - PO4
Carbonyl - CO
Methyl - CH3 |
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Term
| Function of structural groups |
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Definition
| They give molecules their chemical characteristics |
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Term
| Important polysaccharides |
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Definition
| Starches, Glycogen, amylose, Cellulose, Pectin, Chitin |
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Definition
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| Found in fruits, structure |
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Definition
| Phospholipid - make bilayer of cell membrane, Tryglyceride - fat molecule, Terpenes - long chain lipids for pigment, Steroids - lipid found in membranes, Prostoglandins - local messengerss |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes - catalists, Keraint - hair and horns of animals, Collagen - connective tissues, Hemoglobin - oxygen transportation, Antiboides - such as T-cells |
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Term
| Characteristics of an enzyme |
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Definition
| Catalysts, reusable, over 200 diff. enz. in humans, specific active site, work according to lock and key model |
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Definition
| Lipid bilayer, formed from ocean foam, grow by getting more subunit lipids from surroundings, can pinch in two, can contain amino acids |
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Term
| Miller/Urey Conditions/Findings |
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Definition
| Set up environment with very little O2 in the atmosphere, had sparks simulate ligtning and raised the temperature to match the conditions of the early Earth. They ended up forming amino acids and rna from raw materials found in the environment they made. |
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Term
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Definition
3.5 Billion Years Ago - cyanbacteria
2.5 Billion Years Ago - first prokaryotes showed up
1.5 Billion Y. ago - first eukaryotes appear
1 bil ago - multicellular |
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Term
| Ways bacteria changed environment |
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Definition
Methanogens produced methane, converted CO2 and H2 into methane gas(CH4)
Cyanobacteria - photosynthetic bacteria that produces oxygen, appeared 2 bil Y. ago, increase O2 content from 1% to 21%. This also increased ozone, allowing life forms to form on dry land. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia |
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Term
| Types of phosphates/Functions? |
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Definition
ATP - high enery phosphate, 3 P 1 adenosine
ADP - used ATP converted back into ATP
AMP - used as a chemical energy |
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