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| The body's capacity to resist and combat infections that began when multicelled eukaryotic species evolved from free-living cells. |
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| Any molecule of the body that recognizes as nonself and that provokes an immune response |
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| A set of about thirty proteins that circulate in the blood and destroy microbes outright or tag them for engulfment by phagocytes |
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| Fast response to a fixed set of nonself cues |
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| Specialized class of white blood cells |
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| Signals and cells creating defenses to specific threats |
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| most abundant of the circulating white blood cells; fast-acting phagocytes |
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| Slower than neutrophils, but can eat more bacterial cells. Mature forms of phagocytic monocytes. |
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| alert the immune system to the presence of antigens |
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| Circulates in the blood and releases enzymes and cytokines in response to antigen or injury |
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| Found in tissues and release enzymes and cytokines in response to antigen or injury |
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| secret enzymes and toxic proteins that are good at punching holes in larvae of parasitic worms. |
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| directly kill body cells that are infected, stressed, or mutated. |
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| Cleaves peptidoglycans in bacterial cell walls and disrupts their structure |
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| swift respons to tissue irritation or tissue damage (redness, warmth, swelling, pain, etc.) |
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| Makes arterioles in tissue dilate, increasing blood flow to threatened tissue to hasten arrival of phagocytes. |
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| rise in body temperature avbove the normal set point on a built-in thermostat in the hypothalamus. Brought on by macrophages as an innate immune response |
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| Proteins encoded by genes that allow self-recognition of your own cells. |
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| class of antigen receptors at the surface of T-cells |
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| antibody-mediated immune response |
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| Phagocytes and B-cells intercepting bacteria, fungi, or toxins in blood or interstitial fluid |
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| cell-mediated immune response |
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| Immune response without antigens that attacks intracellular viruses, bacteria, fungi, and apicomplexans. |
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| proteins synthesized by B-cells that encounter and bind antigen |
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| Structural classes of antibodies that circulate alone or as clumps in blood after B-cells secret them |
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| processes that may promote immunity |
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| Antigen administered orally or injected in the body for active immunization to elicit a primary immune response. |
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Definition
| Any substance that is ordinarily harmless yet provokes immune responses |
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Definition
| hypersensitivy to harmless proteins (drugs, foods, pollen, dust mites, fungal spores, etc.) |
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| misdirected attack against one's own tissues |
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