Term
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Definition
| Elements required in amounts above 0.5 percent of the plant's dry weight. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mineral particles mixed with variable amounts of decomposing organic material |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass of dead organisms and organic litter. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layers of a clay particle, covered with negative ions, which give clay its nutrient-attracting properties. |
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Term
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Definition
| Soils with the best oxygen and water penetration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Profiled layers of soil that accumulate over thousands of years. |
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Term
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Definition
| Youngest soil layer, providing essentials for plant growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Downward percolation of water and dissolved nutrients through soil. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of soil by forces of water and wind. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of mutualism between a young root and a fungus. Fungus increases surface area, while the roots provide the fungus some nutrients. |
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Term
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Definition
| Metabolic conversion of gaseous nitrogen to ammonia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Localized swellings where symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria infect. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin extensions of root epidermal cells that greatly increase surface area. |
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Term
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Definition
| The column of vascular tissues in a plant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Barrier to unrestricted flow of water and nutrients through the vascular cylinder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell layer just under surface of plant roots. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dead cell matter than passively transports water and dissolved nutrients. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structure of live cells that transport nutrients for plant processes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Evaporation of water from plant structures into the atmosphere. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dead cells that make up the xylem. Tapered, unperforated walls. |
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Term
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Definition
| Another type of cell that makes up the xylem. Thick, finely perforated walls. |
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Term
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Definition
| Henry Dixon; Water inside the xylem is pulled up by air's drying power, which creates a continuous negative pressure called tension. |
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Term
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Definition
| Property of water to form hydrogen bonds with itself. |
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Term
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Definition
| Waxy layer secreted to prevent water loss. |
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Term
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Definition
| Insoluble lipid polymer that makes up the cuticle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Collapsible openings on leaves where gas diffusion takes place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized cells that control stomata opening. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormone that causes a water-stressed plant to close stomata. |
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Term
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Definition
| Units of the phloem which allow quick movement of organic compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Load organic compounds into neighboring sieve tube cells, by using active transport. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of organic compounds through the phloem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Regions of plant where compounds are loaded into sieve tubes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Region where organic compounds are used or stored. |
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Term
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Definition
| Internal pressure at the source forces the solute-rich solution to the sink. |
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Term
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Definition
| Outward pressure exerted on plant cell walls. |
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