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| An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both. |
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| A specialized center of body function composed of several different types of tissues. |
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| All of a plant's roots, which anchor it in the soil, absorb and transport minerals and water, and store food. |
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| The aerial portion of a plant body, consisting of stems, leaves, and (in angiosperms) flowers. |
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| The sugars and other carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis. |
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| Production of nonreproductive leaves, stems, and roots. |
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| An organ in vascular plants that anchors the plant and enables it to absorb water and minerals from the soil. |
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| Consists of one main vertical root that develops from an embryonic root. |
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| A main vertical root that develops from an embryonic root and gives rise to lateral (branch) roots. |
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| A root that arises from the pericycle of an established root. |
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| A term describing a plant organ that grows in an unusual location, such as roots arising from stems or leaves. |
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| A mat of generally thin roots spreading out below the soil surface, with no root functioning as the main one. |
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| A tiny extension of a root epidermal cell, growing just behind the root tip and increasing surface area for absorption of water and minerals. |
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| Support tall, top-heavy plants. |
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| Store food and water in many plants. |
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| Also known as air roots, they project above the water's surface and enable the root system to obtain oxygen, which is lacking in the thick, waterlogged mud where they grow. |
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| "strangling" aerial roots |
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Definition
| Snake-like roots that gradually wrap around the host tree and nearby objects. |
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| Support the tall trunks of some tropical trees. |
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Definition
| A vascular plant organ consisting of an alternating system of nodes and internodes that support the leaves and reproductive structures. |
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| A point along the stem of a plant at which leaves are attached. |
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| A segment of a plant stem between the points where leaves are attached. |
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| The upper angle formed by each leaf and the stem. |
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| A structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or branch. It appears in the angle formed between a leaf and a stem. |
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| A bud at the tip of a plant stem; also called a terminal bud. |
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| Concentration of growth at the tip of a plant shoot, where a terminal bud partially inhibits axillary bud growth. |
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Definition
| A horizontal shoot that grows just below the surface. Vertical shoots emerge from its axillary buds. |
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Definition
| Vertical underground shoots consisting mostly of the enlarged bases of leaves that store food. |
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| Horizontal shoots that grow along the surface. They enable a plant to reproduce asexually. |
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| Enlarged ends of rhizomes or stolons specialized for storing food. |
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Definition
| The main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants. |
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| The flattened portion of a typical leaf. |
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Definition
| The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem. |
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Definition
| In plants, a vascular bundle in a leaf. |
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Definition
| Has a single, undivided blade; sometimes deeply lobed. |
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Definition
| Has a blade consisting of multiple leaflets. |
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| Has leaflets divided into smaller leaflets. |
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Definition
| Disease-causing organisms and viruses. |
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Definition
| Modified leaves or stems; form coils that bring the plant closer to a support. |
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| Leaves modified for storing water. |
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| Produce adventitious plantlets, which fall off the leaf and take root in the soil. |
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Definition
| Surround a group of flowers and attract pollinators. |
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| One or more tissues organized into a functional unit connecting the organs of a plant. |
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| The outer protective covering of plants. |
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| The dermal tissue system of non-woody plants, usually consisting of a single layer of tightly packed cells. |
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Definition
| A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation that prevents desiccation in terrestrial plants. |
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| The protective coat that replaces the epidermis in woody plants during secondary growth, formed of the cork and cork cambium. |
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Definition
| Hairlike outgrowths of the shoot epidermis; reduce water loss and reflect excess light. |
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Definition
| A transport system formed by xylem and phloem throughout a vascular plant. Xylem transports water and minerals; phloem transports sugars, the products of photosynthesis. |
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Definition
| Plant tissues that are neither vascular nor dermal, fulfilling a variety of functions, such as storage, photosynthesis, and support. |
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Definition
| Vascular plant tissue consisting mainly of tubular dead cells that conduct most of the water and minerals upward from the roots to the rest of the plant. |
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Definition
| Vascular plant tissue consisting of living cells arranged into elongated tubes that transport sugar and other organic nutrients throughout the plant. |
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Definition
| The vascular tissue of a stem or root. |
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Definition
| In angiosperms, the solid central root stele of xylem and phloem. |
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Definition
| The separate strands containing xylem and phloem of the stele in stems and leaves in angiosperms. |
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Definition
| Ground tissue that is internal to the vascular tissue in a stem; in many monocot roots, parenchyma cells that form the central core of the vascular cylinder. |
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Term
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Definition
| In plants, ground tissue that is between the vascular tissue and dermal tissue in a root or eudicot stem. |
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