Term
| What type of cells have plasma membranes? |
|
Definition
| prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
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|
Term
| What type of cells have cytosol with organelles? |
|
Definition
| prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
|
|
Term
| What type of cells have ribosomes? |
|
Definition
| prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
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|
Term
| What type of cells have a nucleus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of cells have internal membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of cells are bigger? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What domains are prokaryotic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What domains are eukaryotic? |
|
Definition
| Eukarya, mammal, fungi, plants, and protists |
|
|
Term
| Where are chromosomes in a prokaryotic cell located? |
|
Definition
| the nucleoid with no nuclear membrane or nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Where are the chromosomes eukaryotic cell located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of organnelles are in a eukaryotic cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the plasma membrane? |
|
Definition
| forms the boundary for a cell and selectively permits the pasage of materials into and out of the cell |
|
|
Term
| What is the plasma membrane made out of? |
|
Definition
| phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates |
|
|
Term
| What is the nucleus made of? |
|
Definition
nuclear envelope
nucleolus
Chromatin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the nuclear envelope? |
|
Definition
| a double membrane enclosing the nucleus; perforated by pores, contiguous with ER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pores that control what goes in or leaves the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the stuff that condenses into chromosomes and is the complex of DNA and protein housed in the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA complexes with proteins to form ribosomal subunits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sites of protein synthesis; may be found floating free in the cell's cytosol or bound to rough ER |
|
|
Term
| What is the endoplasmic reticulum? |
|
Definition
| network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough and smooth regions |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 functions of smooth ER? |
|
Definition
| synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification of drugs and poisons |
|
|
Term
| What does the Rough ER do? |
|
Definition
| holds ribosomes that make proteins and makes membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| locomotion organelle present in some animal cells; composed of membrane-enclosed microtubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region where the cell's microtubules are initiated; in an animal cell, contains a pair of centrioles |
|
|
Term
| What is the cytoskeleton? |
|
Definition
| reinforces cell's shape, functions in cell movement; components are made of protein |
|
|
Term
| What are the three parts of the cytoskeleton? |
|
Definition
microfilaments
intermidiate filaments
microtubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelle with various specialized metabolic functoins; produces hydorgen peroxide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is generated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed(broken down) |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 things that are found in animal cells but not in plant cells? |
|
Definition
| lysosomes, centrioles, and flagella |
|
|
Term
| What is the golgi apparatus? |
|
Definition
| organelle active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell products |
|
|
Term
| What is the central vacuole? |
|
Definition
| prominent organelle in older plant cells; functions include storage, breakdown of waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole is a major mechanism of plant growth |
|
|
Term
| What process happens in chloroplasts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 types of vacuoles? |
|
Definition
| food, contractile, central, and pigment |
|
|
Term
| List the continuous path of the things from the endomembrane center. |
|
Definition
1. Nuclear envelope
2. Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Golgi Apparatus
4. Lysosomes
5. Vacuoles
6. Plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
| What are centrioles used in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What membrane is selectively permeable? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| provide a hydrophobic barrier that separates the cell from its liquid environment |
|
|
Term
| What are integral proteins? |
|
Definition
| those that are completely embedded in the membrane |
|
|
Term
| What are peripheral proteins? |
|
Definition
| those that are loosely bound to the membrane's surface |
|
|
Term
| What type of transport takes no energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of transport goes down the concentration gradient? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of passive transport? |
|
Definition
| diffusion and facilitated diffusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where small hydrophobic molecules move across the plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
| What is facilitated diffusion? |
|
Definition
| the process where ions and hydorphilic substances diffuse across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of channel proteins? |
|
Definition
| aquaporins and ion channels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| channel proteins that carry water molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| channel proteins that are sometimes gated and carry ions |
|
|
Term
| What are carrier proteins? |
|
Definition
| proteins that move molecules by changing shape |
|
|
Term
| What type of transport takes energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of proteins are used in active transport? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where an ATP pump transports a specific solute indirectly drives the active transport of other substances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pump that moves ions across the membrane |
|
|
Term
| What is an electrochemical gradient? |
|
Definition
| a source of potential energy that performs cell work |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 types of bulk transport? |
|
Definition
| exocytosis and endocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process where vesicles from the cell's interior fuse with the cell membrane, expelling their contents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where the cell forms new vesicles from the plasma membrane and take in macromolecules |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of endocytosis? |
|
Definition
| Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, and Receptor mediated endocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs with a solid particle and fuses with a lysosome which digests the particle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a nonselective endocytosis that takes in small droplets of extracellular fluid |
|
|
Term
| What is receptor-mediated endocytosis? |
|
Definition
| a very specific process where only certain substances bind to specific recptors on the cell's surace |
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