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Definition
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Definition
| Organic molecules consisting only of Carbon and Hydrogen. |
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Definition
| Structural, Geometric, and Enantiomers |
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Definition
| Differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms. Number increases as carbon skeleton length increases. May differ in location of double bonds. |
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Definition
| Same covalent partnerships but differ in their spatial arrangement. Arrise from infelxability of double bonds. Differences can drastically alter their biological function. |
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Definition
| Mirror images. Differences important in pharmaceutical industry, Example of L-Dopa. |
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| Components of organic molecules most commonly involved in chemical reactions. Replace a H on a C chain. Each one behaves ina characteristic manner. |
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| Structure of a Hydroxyl Group |
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Definition
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| Name of compunds with a Hydroxyl Group |
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Definition
| Alcohols, names end in 'ol |
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| Example of a compound with a Hydroxyl Group |
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Definition
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| Properties of the Hydroxyl Group |
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Definition
Is Polar because of the electronegativity of the O atom pulling electrons towards it.
Attracts water molecules, helps to dissolve organic compounds like sugars. |
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| Structure of a Carbonyl Group |
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Definition
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| Name of compunds with a Carbonyl Group |
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Definition
Ketones if the Carbonyl Group is within the C chain
Aldehyde if the Carbonyl Group is at the end of a C chain. |
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| Example of compunds with Carbonyl Group |
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Definition
Acetone, the simplest ketone, C3H6O1
Propanol, an Aldehyde, C3H6O1 |
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| Propeties of Carbonyl Group |
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Definition
| A Ketone and an Aldehyde may be structural isomers with different properties like Acetone and Propanol. |
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| Structure of Carboxyl Group |
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Definition
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| Name of compunds with a Carboxyl Group |
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Definition
| Carboxylic Acids, or Organic Acids |
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| Example of compund with a Carboxyl Group |
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Definition
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| Properties of compunds with Carboxyl Group |
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Definition
| Has a source of H+ ions so they are acidic. These H+ ions dissociate reversibly due to the polarity of H bonded to O. In cells found as the Carboxylate Group as the ionic form. |
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| Structure of the Amino Group |
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Definition
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| Name of Compunds with Amino Group |
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Definition
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| Example of Compound with Amino Group |
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Definition
Glycine, C2H5O2N
Actually, Glycine is both an Amine and a Carboxylic Acid. |
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| Functional Properties of Amine Groups |
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Definition
Acts as a base, can pick up H+
Ionized with a 1+ charge in cellular conditions |
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| Structure of a Sulphydryl Group |
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Definition
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| Names of Compunds with a Sulphydryl Group |
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Definition
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| Example of a compound with a Sulphydryl Group |
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Definition
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| Properties of compounds with Sulphydryl Group |
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Definition
| Two Sulphydryl Groups can interact to help stabilize protein structure |
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Term
| Structure of a Phosphate Group |
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Definition
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| Name of compounds with a Phosphate Group |
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Definition
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| Examples of a compound with a Phosphate Group |
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Definition
| C3H7O6P Glycerol Phosphate |
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Term
| Functional properties of compounds with Phosphate Groups |
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Definition
Makes the molecule of which it is a part a anion
Can transfer energy between organic molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenosine Triphosphate, the primary energy transfer molecule in the cell. |
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