Term
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Definition
| sponges(Parazoa)have no true tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| radial body symmetry(Cnideria, Ctenophora) |
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Term
| Diploblastic-Tripoblastic |
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Definition
-germ layer development; radiata diplobastic, no mesoderm
-ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm = bilateria |
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Term
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Definition
-no body cavity v body cavity
-no body cavity=acoelomates(flatworms)
-have body cavity, not lined w/ mesoderm-pseudocoelomata(Rotifer)
-body cavity w/mesoderm=coelomate |
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Term
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Definition
-protosomes(mollusks, annelids, anthropods)
-deuterosomes(echinoderm, chordayes)
-cleavage: protosomes, spiral & determinate; deuterosomes radial & indeterminate
-blasterosome fate: protostomes, mouth from blastopore; deuterosome, anus from blastopore |
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Term
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Definition
| invertibrates; no tissues; no symmetry; originally thought to be plants; feed by filtration; current created by flagellated cells called choanoaytes; collar portion traps food |
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Term
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Definition
| invertebrates; true tissues; dipoblastic; radial symmetry; gastrovascular cavity w/ opening; use stinging cells (cnidocytes); barbed sting capsules (nematocysts); two life forms:sessile polyp/free-swimming medusa; sexual and asexual; nerve net to move medusa; jellyfish, sea anenome, hydra, coral |
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Term
| Class Hydrozoa (Phylum Cnideria) |
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Definition
| hydra, Portuguese Man O' War; mostly marine(some freshwater); both poly and medusa; polyp often colonial; alternating sexual and asexual |
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Term
| Class Scyphozoa (Phylum Cnideria) |
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Definition
| jellyfish, sea nettles, sea wasp; polyp(reduced) and medusa; free-swimming; all marine |
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Term
| Class Anthozoa (Phylum Cnideria) |
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Definition
| sea anenomes, most corals, sea fans; no medusa stage |
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Term
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Definition
| flatworms; gastrovascular cavity; flattened body from top to bottom; bilateral symm.; tripoblastic: three develop. layers of giving rise to true muscle tissue; dorsal nerve cord; no respiratory structures, flattened tissues for gas exchange |
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Term
| Class Tubellaria (phylum Platyhelminthes) |
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Definition
| free-living, mostly marine worms; carnivores, usually scavengers, some predators |
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Term
| Class Tremutada (Phylum Platyhelminthes) |
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Definition
| flukes; parasitic life cycle; can be on or in another organism; usually have invertibrate host before infecting vertebrate |
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Term
| Class Cestoda(Phylum Platyhelminthes) |
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Definition
| tapeworms; parasitic; live inside host, attach to digestive track using head called scolex; no digestive track of own; absorb nutrients from host; segments=reproductive structures (proglottids)-packages of eggs deposited outside host w/ feces to be ingested by another animal |
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Term
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Definition
| snails, clams, octupi; three main parts: muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle; most have seperate sexes organs; most have calcium carbonate shell (some reduced); acoelomates w/ water filled mantle cavity |
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Term
| Class Polyplacophora (Phylum Molluska) |
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Definition
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Term
| Class Gastropoda (Phylum Molluska) |
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Definition
| snails and slugs; asymmetric symmetry |
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Term
| Class Bivalvia (Phylum Molluska) |
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Definition
| clams, mussels, oysters; two shells that enclose body |
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Term
| Class Cephalopoda (Phylum Molluska) |
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Definition
| squids, octupi, chambered nautilus |
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Term
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Definition
| segmented worms; coelomates; true cavity organs suspended in; advanced organ systems |
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Term
| Class Oligachaeta (Phylum Annelida) |
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Definition
| terrestrial and freshwater segmented worms(earthworms) |
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Term
| Class Polychaeta (Phylum Annelida) |
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Definition
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Term
| Class Hiruindea (Phylum Annelida) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| roundworms; nonsegmented; pseudocoelometes; tough outer cuticle that resembles exoskeletons |
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Term
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Definition
| insects, spiders, crustaceans; segmented bodies; coelomates w/open circulatory system-hemolymph, hemocyanin "blue blood"; exoskeleton made of chitin, molted as anthropod grows; joined appendages |
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Term
| Class Arachnida (Phylum Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites; six pairs of appendages (8 legs, 2 peptipalps, 2 chelicerae); 2 body parts: cephalothorax (appendages attached), abdomen |
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Term
| Class Insecta (Phylum Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| beetles, flies, bugs; most have 1 or 2 pairs of wings; incomplete and complete metapmorphosis: nymph stage (look like small versions), larval stage (maggots, caterpillars); 3 body segments (head, thorax, abdomen); excretory system and resperatory system |
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Term
| Order Diptera (Class Insecta) |
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Definition
| flies, mosquitos; 1 pair wings, complete metamorphosis |
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Term
| Order Hemiptera (Class Insecta) |
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Definition
| true bugs; 2 pair wings (1 outer cover, 1 membranous); complete metamorphosis |
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Term
| Order Hymnoptera (Class Insecta) |
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Definition
| bees and wasps; 2 pairs membranous wings; complete metamorphosis |
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Term
| Order Lepidoptera (Class Insecta) |
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Definition
| butterflies, moths; 2 pairs wings, covered with scales |
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Term
| Class Crustacea (Phylum Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| lobsters, crabs, shrimp, roly poly bug; mostly aquatic with gils; extremely specialized appendages; 2 pairs antennae; appendages attached to abdomen |
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Term
| Class Diplopoda (Phylum Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| millipedes; two pairs of appendages per segment |
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Term
| Class Chilopoda (Phylum Arthropoda) |
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Definition
| centipedes; one pair of appendage per segment; carnivorous and poisonous |
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Term
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Definition
| notochord: flexible connection b/w digestive tube and nerve cord; forms support along length of animal; dorsal hollow nerve cord: develops into central nerve system; Pharyngeal slits: remnant filler feeding adaptation; muscular part anal tail |
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Term
| Subphylum Urochordata (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| tunicates; sessile, marine animals; adult stage does not possess most of chordate characteristics but larval stage has 4 characteristics |
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Term
| Subphylum Cephalochordates (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| Aganathans: jawless fishes; two existent classses: hagfish and lampreys; no jaws, hagfish are scavengers, lampreys = filter feeders; cartilaginous skeletons, no paired appendages |
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Term
| Class Chondrithyes (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| cartilaginous fish: shark and rays; skeleton made of cartilage not bone; some lay eggs (oviparous), others incubate internally (ovoviparous), others give birth from uterus (viviparous); Cloaca: common opening for digestive tract, urniary and reproductive |
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Term
| Class Osteichtyes (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| bony fish ie salmon, bass; 2 chambered heart, super-class with 2 groups: Actinopterygii-ray finned fish, Sarcopterygii-lobe finned fish |
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Term
| Class Amphibia (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| frogs, salamanders, caecilians; 3 chambered heart; terrestrial, moist skin, must return to water to reproduce; no amniotic eggs, eggs lack shells; most fertizilation=external; respiration w/ lungs and through moist skin |
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Term
| Class Reptilia (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| amniotic egg; ectotherms, thickened skin w/ protective keratin scales; prevents dessication; sometimes referred to as having both exo- and endo- skeletons; exclusively internal fertilization; lungs have alveoli to increase surface area for gas exchange |
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Term
| Order Testodines (Class Reptilia) |
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Definition
| turtles: marine, limbs as flippers, leave water to lay eggs; terrapins: semi-aquatic, feet have webbed toes for swimming; tortoises: "slumpy" legs, terrestrial and poor swimmers; exoskeleton of horny scutes covering bony playes of endoskeleton; jaws w/o teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| sea stars, sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucumber; deuterosome; radial anatomy but bilateral symmetry; water vascular system; most have hard ecoskeletons |
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Term
| Order Squamata (Class Reptilia) |
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Definition
| snakes and lizards; small, flexible scales of keratin with shedding; jaws with teeth |
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Term
| Order Crocodilia (Class Reptilia) |
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Definition
| 4 chambered-heart, crocodile's lower teeth can be seen when mouth is closed |
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Term
| Class Aves (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| endothermic; 4 chambered-heart; toothless with beak; amniotic egg for internal fertilization; respiration with air sacs; adaptations to flight: forelimbs->wings, feathers, hollow bones |
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Term
| Class Mammalia (Phylum Chordata) |
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Definition
| hair; mammary glands; differentiated teeth; 3 inner bones; diaphragm; 3 subclasses: Prototheria-egg laying, Metatheria-pouched, Eutheria-placental |
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Term
| Order Monotremata (Subclass Prototheria) |
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Definition
| egg laying mammals: Ornithorynchus- duck billed platypus, Zaglossus and Tachyglossus-four species of echidna |
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Term
| Platypus Reproductive Tract |
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Definition
| monotreme; cloaca: common opening to urinary, digestive and reproductive tract; paired ovaries, but only left is functional; develop one egg at time; gestation is 11 days |
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Term
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Definition
| increased development in uterus; uterine secretions: overlying ectoderm in egg, homologous to trophoblast; Incubatorium: created b/w abdomen and hairless side of tail; Lactation: absorption of fluids from mammary glands |
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Term
| Platypus Monotreme Lactation |
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Definition
| lack nipple, milk secreted along hair follicle; mammary patch characterized by thickened epithelium called areola; ducts from mammo-pilo-sebaceous units secrete milk; nursed for 3-4 months |
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Term
| Subclass Metatheria (Class Mammalia) |
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Definition
| marsupial mammals; give birth to embryonic young; no true placenta; young born and then moved to pouch; young in pouch for 200 days |
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Term
| Subclass Eutheria (Class Mammalia) |
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Definition
| placental mammals; true placenta: implants into uterine wall and provides all nutrition |
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