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| 1. A large percentage of people living in urban areas is a |
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| measure of a country’s level of development. |
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| 2. In more developed countries, about of the people live in urban areas, compared to in less developed countries. |
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| 3. The higher percentage of urban residents in MDCs is a consequence of changes in economic structure during the past two centuries. |
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a. First, the Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century.
b. Secondly, the growth of services in the twentieth century. |
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| 4. In LDCs, the percentage of people living in cities has begun to rise in recent years because of the |
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| migration of rural residents to the cities in search of jobs. |
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| 5. According to Wirth, the only way that a large number of people can be supported in a small area is through |
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| 6. Today, urban settlements can be physically defined in three ways” by |
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| legal boundary, as a continuously built up area, and as a functional area. |
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Term
| 7. A metropolitan statistical area includes the following: |
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Definition
a. A central city with a population of at least 50,000.
b. The county within which the city is located.
c. Adjacent counties where a high percentage of residents work. |
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Term
| 8. According to the concentric zone model, created by E. W. Burgess in 1923, a city grows outward from a central area in a series of concentric rings, like the growth on a tree. |
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Definition
i. CBD
ii. transition zone
iii. houses for working class.
iv. houses for middle class families.
v. commuter’s zone |
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Term
| 9. According to the sector model, developed by Homer Hoyt, a city |
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Definition
| develops in a series of sectors, not rings. |
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Term
| 10. According to the multiple nuclei model, developed by Chauncey D. Harris and E. L. Ullman, a city is a complex structure that includes more than |
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Definition
| one center around which activities revolve |
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Term
| 11. Urban areas in the United States are divided into which contain approximately residents and correspond where possible to neighborhood boundaries. |
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| 12. In the past poorer residents also |
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| lived in the center of European cities. |
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Term
| 13. Richer people lived on the first and second floors, while |
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Definition
| poorer people occupied the basements or upper floors. |
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Term
| 14. Most cities in less developed countries have passed through three stages of development: |
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Definition
a. Before European colonization (pre-colonial period).
b. During the European Colonial Period.
c. Since Independence. |
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Term
| 15. Compared to existing cities, European districts typically contain |
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Definition
| wider streets and public squares, larger houses surrounded by gardens, and much lower densities. |
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| explicitly outlined how colonial cities were to be constructed. |
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Definition
| 16. The Laws of the Indies |
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Term
| 17. The elite sector forms on either side of a narrow spine that |
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Definition
| contains shops and amenities attractive to wealthy people. |
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Term
| 18. The rich are also attracted to the center and spine because |
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Definition
| services are more reliable |
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| in LDCs face a difficult choice regarding squatter settlements. |
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Definition
a. It risks sparking a violent confrontation with the displaced residents.
b. It will encourage other poor people to migrate to cities and live as squatters. |
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Term
| 20. The process of subdivision of houses and occupancy by successive waves of lower income people is known as |
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| 21. Cities have also experimented with in which dwelling are dispersed throughout the city, rather than clustered in a large project. |
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| scattered site public housing |
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| 22. Urban renewal has been criticized for destroying the |
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Definition
| social cohesion of older neighborhoods and reducing the supply of low cost housing. |
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Term
| 23. Renovated inner city housing appeals to who are not concerned with the poor quality of inner city schools. |
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Definition
| single people and couples without children |
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Term
| 24. Unwed mothers give birth to of the babies in U. S. inner city neighborhoods. |
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| of children in inner city neighborhoods live with only one parent. |
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Term
| 26. In 2000, only of Americans live in central cities, in rural areas and in suburbs. |
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| 27. According to the , the number of houses per unit of land diminishes as distance from the center city increases. |
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Definition
| a ring of land maintained as parks, agriculture, or other types of open space to limit the sprawl of an urban area |
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Definition
| development of new housing sites at relatively low density and at locations that are not contiguous to the existing built-up area |
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| A process by which banks draw lines on a map and refuse to lend money to purchase and improve property within these boundaries |
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| a group in society prevented from practicing in the material benefits of a more developed society because of a variety of social and economic characteristics |
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| a law that limits the permitted uses of land and maximum density of development in a community |
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Definition
| a process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominately low-income renter-occupied area to a predominately middle-class owner-occupied area |
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