Term
|
Definition
-short half life benzo (2-6 hours)
-can be useful for short term presurgical sedation, as well as anxiety and insomnia
-least likely to cause patient to exhibit impaired driving while returning home by care from dentist if used in the office as an anxiolytic/sedative based on its half life
-most likely to cause rebound anxiety after it is suddenly discontinued |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-MOA is to facilitate GABA action at GABA-A receptors
-anti-epileptic
-benzo
-14 to 90 hour half life
- mostly used for anxiety and insomnia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-benzodiazepine
-can be used as an induction agent
-often given as a preanesthetic med
-water soluble,given intravenously |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-benzodiazepine receptor antagonist
-can be used to counteract benzo overdoses or to awaken patients from sedation caused by a benzo OD
-side effect is that any prior anxiety felt by patient is instantly restored or aggravated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-MOA is to bind to GABA-A receptors and open the channel directly
- if there is an overdose, administration of sodium bicarbonate will accelerate excretion of the drug by increasing the pH of the urine
- barb with a long duration of action (long half life) so a chronic low dose of this drug is prescribed by medical doctors to prevent epileptic seizures
- no tolerance to this drug’s antiseizure effect |
|
|
Term
| diphenhydramine (Benadryl) |
|
Definition
-an antihistamine usedful as a sedative in patients intolerant to other types of CNS depressants, particularly the eldely
-relative safety
-not the best antihistamine to use if you want to prevent vomiting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - an antihistamine used for sedation prior to dental surgery that also has anti-emetic properties |
|
|
Term
| meprobamate (Equanil or Miltown) |
|
Definition
-barbituate like action but can’t produce surgical anesthesia
-rarely used today
-commonly prescribed in the 50s to zombie-fy recalcitrant housewives into stepford wives, particularly given that anxiolytic doses of this drug are also sedating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-anesthetic-like MOA
-given in liquid form, useful for sedating unruly kids
-low TI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-gas anesthetic used in dentistry
-rapid onset of action, good analgesia
-only inorganic anesthetic
-used as an adjunct to other anesthetics (105% MAC)
- NO muscle relasation, CV effects, minimal resp effects
-Don’t give to pregnant women |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-shifts circadian rhythms and sleep patterns
-used to treat insomnia and jet lag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-used to treat anxiety
-no major side effects
-takes a few weeks to work, so it is generally NOT useful for alleviating dental patient anxiety
-serotonin 5-HT1Ar agonisty that reduces 5-HT neurotransmission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-non-anxiolytic sedative
-used to treat insomnia
-not structurally a benzo but it still acts on the benzo site of the inhibitory GABA receptor |
|
|
