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Studies psychological factors and illness
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| demand on organism to adapt or adjust |
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study rel btwn psych factros and endocrine system, nervous system and immune system
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| System ductless glands secrete hormones into blood |
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| secreted by endocrine gland into blood, regulate bodily function and promote growth/development |
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| white blood cells kill bad stuff (bacteria, fungi, virus, old cells, cancer cells) |
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| General adapdation syndrome |
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body's 3 responses to intense stress
alarm reaction
resistance reaction
exhaustion reaction |
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| inborn tendency to run or fight |
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| reduce impact of stressor by ignoring/escaping rather than head on |
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| coping style involves confronting stressor (more likely to survive than those in denial) |
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| Self efficacy expectancies |
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| beliefs in one's ability to cope w/ changes and accomplish tasks |
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(executive study)
commitment, challenge (comfortable with change), control over lives |
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| do ppl care about you?, live longer and resist disease better |
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| Racism, intolerance, pride in ethnicity(good) |
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| physical disorder best explained by psychological issue |
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| emotional state chaacterized by physiological arousal, tension, apprehension or foreboding |
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| class of psychological disorders maladaptive anxiety reactions |
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| anxiety characterized by episodes of intense anxiety or panic |
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bodily component, urge to escape
heart racing
shaking
shortness of breath, choking, smothering
nausea
dizzy, light headed, faint
derealization/depersonalization
fear of dying |
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| Diagnosing Panic Disorder |
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experience repeated, unexpected panic attacks followed by
month of persistant fear of attacks
worry about implications of attacks
sig change in behavior |
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| misattributions and misperception of underlying cause of panic disorder |
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| Treatment of Panic Disorder |
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drugs & CBT
antianxiety & antipanic (antidepressant)
patient may att improvement to drugs and not self |
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| fear of object or situation disproportionate to threat |
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| persistant excessive fear unreasonable by specific object or situation |
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| persistant fear of one or more social situations person exposed to strangers or possible scrutiny |
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foster awareness fo inner conflict
explore anxiety and encourage adaptive behavior |
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systematic desensitization
gradual exposure
flooding
virtual reality therapy
treatment |
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rational emotive behavior therapy-show ppl irrational need for social approval and perfectionism
cognitive restructurring-method of replacing irrational thoughts w/ alternatives |
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Zoloft/Paxil (antidepressant)-social phobia
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| anxiety characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions or both |
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| recurrant act repetative and ritualistic |
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rec persistant thoughts, impulses or images
attempt to ignore thoughs
rec thoughts from own mind |
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repetative behavior person is driven to perform
aimed at preventing/reducing stress |
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| obsessions are leaks of impulse from unconscious, compulsions are acts to repress impulses |
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| Compulsive behavior viewed as operant responses neg reinforced by relief of anxiety from obesssive thoughts |
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| behavior therapist-response prevention, exposure leads to (ERP), ppl w/ OCD tolerate anxiety triggered by thoughtsand prevented from compulsive rituals |
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| Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
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anxiety general feeling of dread and foreboding, heightened body arousal
NOT TRIGGERED |
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excessive anxiety and worry
diff control worry
restlessness
fatigue
cant concentrate
irratible
muslce tension
sleep disturbance |
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| rep threatened leak of unconscious impulses |
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| gen axiety across many situtaion |
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| emphasized role of exaggerated or distored thoughts and beliefs |
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| Lack of clear model irregular neurotransmitter |
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| antidepressants zoloft or paxil |
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| relaxation skils, sub calming thoughts, decatastrophizing |
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Acute Stress Disorder
ASD |
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| A traumatic stress reaction the MONTH AFTER A TRAUMATIC EVENT |
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| prolonged maladaptive reaction to traumatic event |
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trauma
witness or experience event involving actual or threatened death or serious injury, threat to integrity of self or others
numbness, detachment, no emotion
not aware surroundings
derealization
depersonalization
dissociate amnesia |
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trauma reexperienced
reoccuring thoughts, dreams, feelings, etc
avoidance of trauma rel stim
avoid feelings
symptom of increased arousal
irritable, hypervigilant, exagg startle response |
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| behavioral or learning, classical conditioning become conditioned response |
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| rep exposure to cues and emotions associated w/ trauma, exctinction |
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