Term
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Definition
A mental and behavioral disorder
Causes gross distortion or disorganization of mental capacity, affective response, communication, ability to relate to others and recognize reality
Interferes with a person’s capacity to cope with ordinary demands of everyday life. |
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Term
| what are symptoms of psychosis? |
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Definition
Delusions
Incoherence
Hallucinations
Personality disintegration
Reduced level of awareness
Aggressive or violent behaviors
Gross impairment in reality testing
Difficulty in processing information |
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Term
| what is the theroy about psychosis? |
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Definition
| results from dopamine imbalance in brain |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic psychotic disorder that usually occurs in adolescence or early adulthood |
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Term
| what is the affect of giving dopamine drugs? |
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Definition
| the effect of pseudoparkinsonism |
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Term
| when is schizophrenia diagnosed? |
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Definition
| in adolescensce or early adulthood |
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Term
| what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
Delusions
Paranoia
Hallucinations
Incoherent speech |
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Term
| what are some negative symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
poor self-care
social withdrawl and a poverty of speech content |
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Term
| what are the three groups of antipsychotics of phenothiazines? |
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Definition
| aliphatic, piperazine and piperidine |
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Term
| what is an aliphatic drug and its side effects? |
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Definition
| chlorpromazind (thorazine) and the side effects are strong sedation, severe orthostatic hypotention and moderate EPS |
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Term
| what is a piperazine and its side effects? |
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Definition
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Side effects: low sedation, strong antiemetic
effect, severe EPS |
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Term
| what is an example of a piperidine and its side effects? |
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Definition
Mesoridazine besylate (Serentil)
Side effects: strong sedation, hypotension, few EPS effects
Typical Antipsychotics (cont’d)
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Action: Block dopamine receptors in brain
Use: Manage symptoms of Schizophrenia
Interactions
Increase depression when taken with alcohol or
other CNS depressants; Kava kava may increase EPS
Side effects
Sedation, dizziness, headache, seizures
Dry mouth, nasal congestion, blurred vision,
photosensitivity, urinary retention
GI distress peripheral edema, tachycardia, EPS |
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Term
| what is an example of a nonphenothiazine? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the action of Haldol? |
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Definition
| Blocks dopamine receptors |
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Term
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Definition
Treat acute and chronic psychoses
Treat schizophrenia, Tourette’s syndrome, dementia |
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Term
| what are the contraindications of haldol? |
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Definition
| Narrow-angle glaucoma; severe liver, kidney and cardiovascular disease; blood dyscrasias, sedation |
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Term
| what are side effects of haldol? |
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Definition
Sedation, EPS, headache, seizures
Dry mouth, blurred vision, photosensitivity, urinary retention
Tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, dysrhythmias |
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Term
| what are some interactions with haldol? |
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Definition
Increased sedation with alcohol, CNS depressants
Increased toxicity with anticholinergics
Decreased effects with phenobarbital, carbamazepine, caffeine |
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Term
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Definition
Pseudoparkinsonism symptoms
acute dystonia
akathisia and tardive dyskinesia |
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Term
| what are symptoms of pseudoparkinsonism? |
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Definition
Stooped posture
Masklike features
Rigidity
Tremors at rest
Shuffling gait
Bradykinesia
Pill-rolling motion of the hand |
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Term
| what are symptoms of acute dystonia? |
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Definition
Muscle spasms of face tongue, neck, and back
Facial grimacing
Involuntary upward eye movements
Laryngeal spasms |
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Term
| what are symptoms of akathisia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Protrusion and rolling of tongue, chewing action |
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Term
| what is neuroleptic malignant syndrome? |
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Definition
| Rare, potentially fatal condition |
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Term
| what are the symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome>? |
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Definition
| Muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, altered mental status, BP fluctuations, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, seizures, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, coma |
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Term
| what is treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome? |
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Definition
Immediate withdrawal of antipsychotics,
hydration, hypothermic blankets, antipyretics,
benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants |
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Term
| what are some of example of an atypical antipsychotics? |
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Definition
lozapine (Clozaril, risperidone
(Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon),
aripiprazole (Abilify) |
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Term
| what are the advantages of atypical antipsychotics? |
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Definition
Effective in treating both positive and negative
symptoms of schizophrenia
Less likely to cause EPS or tardive dyskinesia |
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Term
| what is the action of atypical antipsychotics? |
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Definition
| lock serotonin and dopaminergic D4 receptors |
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Term
| with clozapine (clozaril) what are some adverse effects? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some nursing interventions with antipsychotics and anxiolytics? |
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Definition
Monitor weekly WBC counts
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Does not cause agranulocytosis |
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Term
| what is risperidon (risperdol) used for? |
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Definition
Manage symptoms of psychosis, schizophrenia
Side effects/adverse reactions
Sedation, weight gain, headaches, dry mouth,
photosensitivity, urinary retention, EPS, seizures, sexual dysfunction, tachycardia, orthostatic
hypotension, ECG changes |
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Term
| what are some condtraindications with risperdol? |
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Definition
| Dysrhythmias, blood dyscrasias, liver damage |
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Term
| what are some interactions with risperdol? |
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Definition
Increased effects of antihypertensives
Decreased risperdol levels with concurrent use of
carbamazepine
Concurrent use of cisapride may cause dysrhythmias |
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