Term
| What drugs are most effective in preventing arterial thrombosis, and generally less effective in preventing venous thrombosis? |
|
Definition
Antiplatelet Drugs
Aspirin, clopidogrel |
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Term
| What drugs prevent both arterial and venous thrombosis? |
|
Definition
Anticoagulants
(Heparin and Warfarin) |
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Term
| What drugs lyse both arterial and venous thrombi? |
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Definition
Thrombolytics
(streptokinase, tPA) |
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Term
| How does Aspirin exert its therapeutic effects? (antipyretic, antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antiplatelet) |
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Definition
Inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)
that produces prostaglandins |
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Term
| What does inhibition of COX1 prevent? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What does inhibition of COX2 prevent? |
|
Definition
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Term
| How does Aspirin irreversibly inhibit platelet aggregation? |
|
Definition
by acetylating COX-1
Half-life - 4-7 days(time required to make new platelets) |
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Term
| What are the contraindications for Aspirin? |
|
Definition
Coumarin anticoagulants (increased bleeding risk)
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Aspirin Hypersensitivity (Asthma) |
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Term
| Why should aspirin be used for its antiplatelet effect over other NSAIDs? |
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Definition
| Other antiinflammatory drugs don not inhibit platelet function sufficiently to be protective and may interfere with aspirins effect |
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Term
| What is the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
What is the mechanism of the Phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
(Dipyridamole) |
|
Definition
| Inhibits enzyme that degrades cyclic AMP -> Increased platelet cAMP -> inhibits aggregation |
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Term
| What disease is the combination of aspirin and dipyridamole show added benefit in? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What does Clopidorgrel inhibit? |
|
Definition
| Inhibit ADP receptor-mediated activation of platelets |
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Term
| What ADP antagonist has a significantly increased risk of postoperative bleeding? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What drug is marginally more effective than aspirin and may have greater effect in patients with peripheral arterial disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the receptor on platelets that fibrinogen binds to and links paltelets to form platelet plug? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the GpIIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the Thrombolytics? |
|
Definition
1st Generation
Streptokinase
2nd Generation
t-PA |
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Term
| What thromboylitic was isolated from hemolytic streptococci and is strongly immunogenic? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why can Streptokinase only be administered once? |
|
Definition
Strongly immunogenic -> antistreptokinase antibodies
Cause serum sickness, hypotension, fever, rash, bronchospasm angioedema, anaphylaxis
Ab May inactivate Streptokinase |
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Term
| What thrombolytic is a naturally-occuring protein released by vascular endothelial cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What should be used after thrombolytic therapy to prevent reocclusion? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the most serious side effect of thrombolytics? |
|
Definition
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