Term
|
Definition
| Antimetabolite: inhibits DHFR reduction of folic acid to THF, prevents synthesis of thymine from uracil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antimetabolite: is phosphorylated to either 5-fluorouracil triphosphate (and is incorporated into mRNA) or 5-flourodeoxyuracil diphosphate (5F-dUMP), which inhibits thymidylate synthetase |
|
|
Term
| Vincristine and vinblastine |
|
Definition
| Vinca alcaloids: bind to and aggregate tubulin dimers to prevent polymerization of MT's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Taxanes: stabilize microtubules and inhibit spindle apparatus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epipodophyllotoxins: stabilize the cleavable form of the TOPO II-DNA to induce DNA fragmentation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Camptothecins: binds to the TOPO I-DNA complex to prevent ligation of cleaved DNA strands to induce fragmentation of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antibiotic: induce fragmentation of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antibiotic: intercalates with DNA to prevent replication and RNA synthesis; targets P450 to release ROS's; targets cell membrane |
|
|
Term
| Mechloroethamine (nitrogen mustard) |
|
Definition
| Alkylating agent: electrophilic aziridine ring invites nucleophilic attack by guanine and alkylation of DNA; induces cross-linking of DNA, nucleotide excision, and incorrect base pairing between guanine and thymine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alkylating agent: alkylates guanines in DNA and carbamoylates lysines in proteins, inhibiting them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Platinum coordinating complex: cross-links DNA, leading to strand breakage and miscoding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective estrogen receptor modulator: Antagonizes estrogen receptors in breast tissue (estrogen can stimulate breast tissue growth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective androgen receptor modulator: targets androgen receptors in prostate tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets the bcr/abl, c-kit (CD117), PDGFRB, and PDGFRA tyrosine kinases to trigger apoptosis (cells die because of oncogenic addiction) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Target the bcr/abl tyrosine kinase if cells become resistant to imatinib |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Target the VEGF receptor kinase to prevent angiogenesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets HDAC to prevent deacetylation of histones and enable transciption of tumor repressor genes |
|
|
Term
| Decitabine and azacytidine |
|
Definition
| DNA methyltransferase inhibitor; prevents methylation of tumor-supressor genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monoclonal antibody that targets VEGF; prevents angiogenesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets the HER2/NEU (EGFR-2) receptor in breast tissue to prevent cell proliferation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets the CD20 receptor on B-cells (treats non-hodgekin's lymphoma) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Targets the EGFR-1 receptor |
|
|
