Term
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Definition
| Compounds that kill/inhibit microorganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antimicrobials, usually of low molecular weight, produced by microorganisms that inhibit/kill other microorganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are semi-synthetics? |
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Definition
| chemically altered antibiotics (to make them more effective) |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemically synthesized antimicrobials that are not produced by microbial biosynthesis. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| methicillin-resistant S. aereus |
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Term
| What are nosocomial infections? |
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Definition
| Hospital-acquired infections. |
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Term
| What do antimicrobials target? |
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Definition
cell wall synthesis
(penicillin)
DNA & RNA synthesis
(cipro, rifampin)
protein synthesis (tetracyclins,streptomycin)
vitamin synthesis
(sulfa drugs) |
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Term
| Eg of antibiotics with broad spectrum... |
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Definition
| those that target 70S ribosomes bc all bacteria have 70S ribosomes (for protein synthesis) |
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Term
| Eg of narrow spectrum antimicrobials... |
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Definition
| Sulfa drugs bc not all bacteria can synthesize folic acid (vitamin synthesis inhibited by sulfa drugs) |
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Term
| What is another factor that affects antibiotic function? |
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Definition
Permeability
(gram - have outer membrane that acts as a permeability barrier) |
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Term
What's the use of the
Kirby-Bauer method? |
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Definition
Used to
det the sensitivity or resistance
of a bacterium to an antimicrobial. |
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Term
| Properties of K-B Method... |
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Definition
1. reliable
2. relatively simple
3. rapid |
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Term
| What kind of medium is used in the K-B method? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the zone of inhibition? |
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Definition
| zone around disk where no growth occurs |
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Term
| What should the pH of the Mueller-Hinton agar be? |
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Definition
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Term
What factors influence the
size of the zone of inhibiton
for an intibiotic? |
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Definition
1. difussability of the agent
2. size of the inoculum
3. type of media |
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