Term
| Properties of Optimal Drugs |
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Definition
Therapeutic dose-small as possible
Toxic dose-largest as possible
Narrow vs broad spectrum |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibit cell wall synthesis
inhibit protein synthesis
injure plasma membrane
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
inhibit synthesis of essential metabolites |
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Term
|
Definition
Enzyme produced by bacteria
attempt to counteract the effects of PCN
cleaves the B-lactam rind of the PCN molecule |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibit cell wall synthesis of gram positive bacteria at earlier stage then PCN and cephalosprotins
last line of defense d/t side effects
treats MRSA
ie: vancomycin, bacitracin |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibits protein synthesis/formation of peptide bonds
comes from streptomyces
affects bone marrow activity |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibits protein synthesis/links amino sugars by glycosidic bonds
can damage hearing and kidneys
ie: streptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits protein synthesis/attachment of tRNA carrying amino acids to ribosomes, prevents addition of amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain
causes tooth staining, GI upset, superinfections
not for use in children or pregnant women |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibits protein synthesis
PCN substitute in children
ie: erthromycin |
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Term
| Streptogramins and Ozazolidinones |
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Definition
| inhibits protein synthesis |
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Term
|
Definition
injures plasma membrane
effective against gram negative bacteria
ie: found in Neosporin |
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Term
|
Definition
Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
used for Tb and leprosy |
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Term
| Quinolones and Fluoroquinolones |
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Definition
Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis-DNA gyrase(enzyme needed for DNA replication)
can treat anthrax
ie: Cipro |
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Term
|
Definition
inhibits synthesis of essential nutrients
treats UTIs and burn infections |
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Term
|
Definition
| product derived from the metabolism of living organism |
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Term
|
Definition
| product made in a pharmaceutical laboratory |
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Term
|
Definition
| Toxic dose divided by Therapeutic dose equals selective toxicity |
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Term
|
Definition
most effective against rapidly growing bacteria
can cause anaphylactic allergic reaction |
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Term
| Treatment of fungi and parasites |
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Definition
| more difficult d/t eukaryotic cells similar to human cells-tough to find drug selective to them, but not toxic to humans. Acts against lipids. Most drugs developed are for topical use only |
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Term
| Carbapenems, Monobactams, and Cephalosporins |
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Definition
| inhibits cell wall synthesis |
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