Term
| WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMICS? |
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Definition
1. STATINS
2. RESINS
3. FIBRATES
4. NIACIN
5. EZETIMIBE |
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Term
| HOWS IS LDL REMOVED FROM PLASMA? |
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Definition
1. HEPATIC LDL RECEPTORS
2. TISSUE LDL RECEPTORS |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF LDL? |
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Definition
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Term
| ENDOGENOUS CHOLESTEROL - WHERE IS IT SYNTHESIZED? - WHERE IS IT SECRETED? |
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Definition
| LIVER SYNTHESIZES CHOLESTEROL AND THEN SECRETES IT INTO BILE WHERE IT CAN BE REABSORBED BY ENTEROHEPATIC RECIRCULATION |
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Term
| WHAT IS LP (A) LIPOPROTEIN ? |
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Definition
| ITS A SUBCLASS OF LIPOPROTEIN - ASSOCIATED WITH ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES - ITS EXPRESSION IS GENETICALLY CONTROLLED - ITS FORMED FROM LDL AND LP(A) |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION OF HDL? |
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Definition
| -MADE UP MOSTLY APOPROTEIN (HIGH DENSITY) - IT ACQUIRES CHOL FROM VLDL, CM, AND TISSUES AND TAKES IT BACK TO LIVER - TRANSFER HAPPENS VIA SCAVENGER RECEPTOR SR-B1 |
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Term
| TYPE 1 LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER? |
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Definition
| TYPE I = FAMILIAL HYPERCHYLOMICRONEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE I: FAMILIAL HYPERCHYLOMICRONEMIA |
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Definition
-CAUSED BY DECREASED LPL OR APOCII
-VERY HIGH FASTING CM
- INCREASED TG
(since they are not able to be cleared from circulation)
- NO INCREASE IN CAD -CAUSES PANCREATITIS TX: LOW FAT DIET |
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Term
| TYPE IIA LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER? |
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Definition
| TYPE IIA FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE IIA: FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA |
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Definition
- CAUSED BY DECREASE IN NUMBER OF LDL RECEPTORS
- INCREASED LDL BUT NORMAL VLDL -INCREASED CHOL. BUT NORMAL TG
- "BIG" INCREASE IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
TX:
1. LOW FAT DIET
2. DRUGS - RESINS, STATINS, NIACIN (HOMOZYGOTES) |
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Term
| TYPE IIB LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER |
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Definition
| TYPE IIB FAMILIAL MIXED HYPERLIPIDEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE IIB: FAMILIAL MIXED HYPERLIPIDEMIA |
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Definition
-SIMILAR TO IIA BUT INCREASED VLDL DUE TO LIVER OVERPRODUCTION
- PRETTY COMMON
- BIG INCREASE IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
TX:
LOW FAT DIET DRUGS: RESINS, STATINS, NIACIN RESINS -> CHOLESTYRAMINE OR COLESTIPOL |
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Term
| TYPE III LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER |
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Definition
| TYPE III FAMILIAL DYSBETALIPOPROTENEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE III: FAMILIAL DYSBETALIPOPROTENEMIA |
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Definition
AKA REMNANT REMOVAL DISEASE
- INCREASED IDL DUE TO MUTANT APO-E
- CAUSES HYPERLIPIDEMIA, HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
- XANTHOMAS-> CHOLESTEROL DEPOSITS (TENDONS AND OTHER PARTS)
- ACCELERATED CAD
TX:
WEIGHT LOSS LOW FAT/CHOL DIET
NO ALCOHOL
DRUGS: NIACIN, FIBRATES, STATINS |
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Term
| TYPE IV LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER |
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Definition
| TYPE IV FAMILIAL HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE IV: FAMILIAL HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA |
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Definition
-CAUSED BY OVERPRODUCTION VLDLOR DECREASED TG REMOVAL
- INCREASED VLDL BUT NORMAL LDL
-INCREASED TG BUT NORMAL CHOLESTEROL
- COMMON IN DIABETES, OBESITY, LATE PREGNANCY, ALCOHOLICS
- ACCELERATED CAD
TX:
WEIGHT LOSS
LOW FAT/CHOL DIET
LOW ALCOHOL
DRUGS: NIACIN, FIBRATES, STATINS |
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Term
| TYPE V LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER |
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Definition
| TYPE V FAMILIAL MIXED HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA |
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Term
| TYPE V : FAMILIAL MIXED HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA |
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Definition
- CAUSED BY OVERPRODUCTION OR DECREASED CLEARANCE OF VLDL AND CM
- INCREASED VLDL - INCREASED CM
- SEEN WITH DIABETES AND OBESITY
TX:
WEIGHT LOSS
LOW FAT/CHOL DIET
NO ALCOHOL
DRUGS: NIACIN, FIBRATES, STATINS |
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Term
| WHICH LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS YOU TREAT WITH NIACIN, FIBRATES AND STATINS? |
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Definition
TYPE III- DYSBETA
TYPE IV- TG
TYPE V - MIXED TG |
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Term
| WHICH LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS DO YOU TREAT WITH STATINS, RESINS, NIACIN? |
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Definition
TYPE IIA - CHOL
TYPE IIB - MIXED LIPID |
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Term
| WHICH LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER DOES NOT GRANT RX OF DRUGS? |
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Definition
| TYPE I - HYPERCHYLOMICRONEMIA |
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Term
| WHICH ONES ACCELERATE CAD? |
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Definition
TYPE III - DYSBETA
TYPE IV - TG |
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Term
| WHICH ONES CAN CAUSE PANCREATITIS? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS MAJOR OR FIRST TREATMENT OPTION IN ALL LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS? |
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Definition
CONTROL OF DIET WITH IIA AND IIB
DRUGS RIGHT AWAY TOO!!!! |
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Term
| WHICH ONES INCREASE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE? |
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Definition
TYPE IIA - CHOL
TYPE IIB - MIXED LIPID |
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Term
| WHAT THINGS CAN INFLUENCE LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS? |
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Definition
1. INCREASED CHO -> INCREASE VLDL
2. SIMPLE SUGARS -> INCREASE VLDL
3. ALCOHOL -> INCREASES VLDL AND TG
4. FIBER -> DECREASE LDL |
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Term
| WHAT IS THE DIET RX FOR PT WITH ELEVATED LDL? |
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Definition
20-25% FAT KCALS
8% SAT FAT
200MG/D CHOLESTEROL |
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Term
| WHEN WOULD YOU USE RESINS AS TX? |
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Definition
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Term
| WHAT IS ADVERSE EFFECT OF BILE ACID BINDING RESINS? |
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Definition
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Term
| FIBRATE DRUG NAME? ADVERSE EFFECT? MOA? |
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Definition
GEMFIBROZIL ( LOPID)
- INCREASE PPAR-a
- MOA: INCREASES LPL ACTIVITY
- SO DECREASES LDL 50%, TG 50%,
INCREASE HDL 15% |
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Term
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Definition
- INHIBITS BILE AND CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION FROM INTESTINE
- REDUCED LDL 20%
- INDICATED FOR DIABETICS DUE TO GOOD EFFECTS ON MICROVASCULATURE |
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Term
| STATINS MOA? INDICATIONS? |
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Definition
HMGCOA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR - PREVENTING CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS
-INCREASES LDL RECEPTOR AFFINITY->INCREASE CLEARANCE OF LDL
-VERY EFFECTIVE AT LOWERING CHOL AND TG
-BENEFICIAL FOR CHD, STROKE, MORTALITY
- CAN BE USED ALONE OR IN COMIBNATION |
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Term
| WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS OF STATINS? |
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Definition
1. HEPATOTOXICITY
2. MYALGIA
3. MYOPATHY
4. TERATOGENIC |
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Term
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Definition
- BLOCKS LIPOLYSIS IN ADIPOSE TISSUE
- DECREASES LDL AND VLDL SYNTHESIS
- USED IN COMBO WITH STATINS ENHACES EFFECTS BUT ALSO INCREASES MYOPATHY - INDICATIONS: IIB AND IV |
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Term
| WHAT ARE NIACIN SIDE EFFECTS? |
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Definition
1. INCREASED MYOPATHY WITH STATINS
2. FLUSHING
3. DYSPEPSIA
4. INCREASED INSULIN RESISTANCE IN DIABETES |
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