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Antihistamines
(Fitzgerald/Ardley/Robertson) Exam 3
36
Pharmacology
Professional
10/28/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Antihistamines

Definition

 

MOA: Blocks H1 receptors to inhibit the release of histamine

 

SE: Anticholinergic side effects, sedation, drowsiness

Term

 

 

 

Aminoalkyl ethers

(ethanolamines)

Definition

 

Diphenhydramine HCl (Benadryl®)

Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine®)

Doxylamine Succinate (Decapryn®)

Carbinoxamine Maleate (Clistin®)

Clemastine fumarate (Tavist®)

Phenyltoloxamine (Dologesic, Lagesic®)

Term

 

 

 

Diphenhydramine HCl

Definition

 

Benadryl®

 

Dose: 25 mg IV or Oral

 

Available as IM, IV, PO

 

Aminoalkyl esters (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Dimenhydrinate

Definition

Dramamine®

 

Use: Motion sickness, Nausea during pregnancy

 

Combination of diphenhydramine and a-Chlorotheopylline

 

 

Aminoalkyl ethers (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Doxylamine succinate

Definition

 

Decapryn®

 

 

 

 

Aminoalkyl ethers (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Carbinoxamine maleate

Definition

 

 

Clistin®

 

A racemic mixture

 

Aminoalkyl ethers (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Clemastine fumarate

Definition

 

 

Tavist®

 

Also has antimuscarinic activity

 

Aminoalkyl ethers (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Phenyltoloxamine

Definition

 

Dologesic®, Lagesic®

 

Not available as a single agent, available in  combo with Acetaminophen

 

 

Aminoalkyl ether (ethanolamines)

Term

 

 

 

Propylamines

(Monoaminopropyl derivatives)

Definition

 

 

 

Chlorpheniramine maleate (ChlorTrimeton®)

Triprolidine HCl (Aprodine®)

Term

 

 

 

Chlorpheniramine maleate

Definition

 

ChlorTrimeton®

 

Half life: 12-15 hours

 

Dose: 4 mg

 

Propylamines (Monoaminopropyl derivatives)

Term

 

 

 

Triprolidine HCl

Definition

 

Aprodine®

 

Not available as a single agent, in combination with Pseudoephedrine

 

Propylamine (Monoaminopropyl derivatives)

Term

 

 

 

Piperazines

(Cyclizines)

Definition

 

 

Cyclizine HCl (Marezine®)

Meclizine (Bonine®, Antivert®)

Term

 

 

 

Cyclizine HCl

Definition

 

 

Marezine®

 

Use: Motion sickness

 

Piperazine (Cyclizines)

Term

 

 

 

Meclizine

Definition

 

Bonine®, Antivert®

 

Use: Motion sickness

 

Antivert is the brand name for the prescription product and Bonine is the OTC brand

 

Piperazine (Cyclizines)

Term

 

 

 

Promethazine HCl

Definition

 

 

Phenergan®

 

Dose: 25 mg

 

Phenothiazine

Term

 

 

 

Cyproheptadine HCl

Definition

 

 

Periactin®

 

Possesses both antihistamine and antiserotonin activity

 

Dibenzocycloheptenes/Heptanes

Term

 

 

 

Brompheniramine

Definition

 

 

Bromfed®

 

 

 

1st Generation Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

2nd Generation Antihistamines

Definition

 

Fexofenadine (Allegra®)

Loratadine (Claritin®)

Desloratadine (Clarinex®)

Cetirizine (Zyrtec®)

Levocetirizine (Xyzal®)

Term

 

 

 

Fexofenadine

Definition

 

 

Allegra®

 

Oxadized metabolite of Terfenadine

 

2nd Generation Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Loratadine

Definition

 

 

Claritin®

 

Structurally similar to dibenzocycloheptenes/heptanes, Half life: 8-15 hours

 

2nd Generation Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Desloratadine

Definition

 

Clarinex®

 

Metabolite of Loratadine, considered non-sedating

 

Only available as a prescription

 

2nd Generation Antihistamine

 

Term

 

 

 

Cetirizine

Definition

 

 

 

Zyrtec®

 

 

2nd Generation Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Levocetirizine

Definition

 

 

Xyzal®

 

Metabolite of Cetirizine, considered nonsedating

 

 

2nd Generation Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Topical Antihistamines

Definition

 

 

Azelastine (Astelin®)

Emedastine (Emadine®)

Levocabastine (Livostin®)

Olopatadine (Patanol®)

Term

 

 

 

Azelastine

Definition

 

Astelin®

 

Nasal spray for allergic rhinitis

 

 

Topical Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Emedastine

Definition

 

 

Emadine®

 

Eye drop for allergic conjunctivitis

 

Topical Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Levocabastine

Definition

 

 

Livostin®

 

Eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis

 

Topical Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

Olopatadine

Definition

 

 

Patanol®, Patanase®

 

Eye drops and Nasal spray

 

Topical Antihistamine

Term

 

 

 

H2 Antagonists

Definition

Cimetidine (Tagamet®)

Famotidine (Pepcid®)

Ranitidine (Zantac®)

Nizatidine (Axid®)

 

MOA: Blocks H2 receptors to inhibit the production of stomach acid

Term

 

 

 

Cimetidine

Definition

 

 

Tagamet®

 

Inhibitor of CYP450, Half life: about 2 hours

 

H2 Antagonist

Term

 

 

 

Famotidine

Definition

 

 

Pepcid®

 

 

 

H2 Antagonist

Term

 

 

 

Ranitidine

Definition

 

 

Zantac®

 

 

 

H2 Antagonist

Term

 

 

 

Nizatidine

Definition

 

 

Axid®

 

 

 

H2 Antagonist

Term

 

 

 

Mast Cell Stabilizers

Definition

 

 

Cromolyn Sodium (Intal®)

Nedecromil (Tilade®)

 

MOA: Works to stabilize mast cells and inhibit them from destabilizing which helps decrease histamine release

Term

 

 

 

Cromolyn Sodium

Definition

 

 

Intal®

 

Used in patients with asthma and COPD

 

Mast Cell Stabilizer

Term

 

 

 

Nedecromil

Definition

 

 

Tilade®

 

 

 

Mast Cell Stabilizer

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