Term
Polyenes
Drugs?
MOA?
Mechanism of resistance? |
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Definition
Amphotericin B
Nystatin
Interact with ergosterol in fungal membranes to form artificial 'pores' which disrupt membrane permeability
Strains with low amount of ergosterol or altered ergosterol in their membranes |
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Term
Amophotericin B
MOA?
Use?
ADR? |
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Definition
Interacts with ergosterol in the fungal membranes to form artificial 'pores' which disrupt the membrane permeability
WIDE fungal spectrum DOC for Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Sporothrix
Infusion related : Fever, chills, hypotension
Dose dependent: Nephrotoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
Interacts with ergosterol in fungal membranes to form artificial 'pores' which disrupt the membrane permeability
Topically for localised infections i.e candidiasis
& Orally to treat GI fungal infections in immune compromised patients |
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Term
Flucytosine
MOA
Resistance?
Use?
ADR? |
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Definition
Activated by fungal cytosine deaminase to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) - this inhibits thymidylate synthase - which decreases the amount of thymine
Resistance is acquired via decreased activity of the deaminase
Used in the MANAGEMENT of cryptococcal infections
Toxic to bone marrow & alopecia |
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Term
What is use in the prophylaxis of Cryptococcal infections
What is used in the management of cryptociccal infections |
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Definition
- Fluconazole
- Flucytosine
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Term
Allylamines
Drug?
MOA
Use? |
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Definition
Terbinafine
Inhibits squalene epoxidase - decreases ergosterol from fungal cell wall
DOC: Onychomycosis (due to increase in concentration in nail beds) |
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Term
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Definition
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14 aloha demethylase, which normally converts lanosterol to ergosterol |
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Term
Ketoconazole
MOA
Use?
ADR |
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Definition
interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase which converts lanosterol to ergosterol
Oral use
Drug interactions*** (it will increase the blood levels of warfarin, sulfonylureas, phenytoin etc)
Liver toxicity
Inhibits testosterone synthesis |
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Term
Fluconazole
MOA
Use?
ADR? |
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Definition
Interferes with the synthesis of ergosterol by inhibiting lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase, which converts lanosterol to ergosterol
DOC: Prophylaxis of cryptococcal meningitis
Vaginal candidiasis (single dose)
**less drug interactions in comparison to Ketoconazole |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Griseofulvin
MOA
Use
ADR? |
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Definition
Binds to microtubules/disrupts mitosis
Deposits in newly formed keratin - skin, hair & nail infections
Photosensativitiy
Rash
Peripheral neuritis
Drug inhibitor
Phenobarbitone decreases the oral absorption thus leading to failure of the drug |
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