Term
| Types of antidepressants (5) |
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Definition
1) tricyclic antidepressants
2) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antidepressants
3) norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) antidepressants
4) atypical antidepressants
5) monoamine oxidase inhibitors |
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Term
| describe action of tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
| Block uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain |
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Term
| How long will may it take to observe a clinical response to tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens if there is no improvement with tricyclic antidepressants after 2-4 weeks |
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Definition
| slowly withdrawn and another antidepressant is prescribed |
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Term
| why should polydrug therapy be avoided |
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Definition
| polydrug therapy has potential serious side effects |
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Term
| Therapeutic effect of tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
| Elevates mood, increase interest in daily living and activity, and decreases insomnia |
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Term
| Most common time of day tricyclic antidepressants are given in the day and rationale |
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Definition
| During the night: some anticyclic antidepressants may have sedative effects. |
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Term
| How do tricyclic antidepressants cause sedation |
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Definition
| block histamine receptors |
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Term
| side effects of tricyclic antidepressants (state 6) |
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Definition
| orthostatic hypotension, sedation, anticholinergic effects, cardiotoxicity, seizures, sexual dysfunctions, blood dyscraisis, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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Term
| why may anticyclic antidepressants cause anticholinergic effects and what are they (4) |
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Definition
| blocks cholinergic receptors. Anticholinergic effects include dry mouth, tachycardia, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation |
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Term
| what are anticholinergic effects |
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Definition
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Term
| intervention for risk of blood dyscarius with tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
| monitoring of blood cell counts |
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Term
| therapeutic serum range of tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| block serotonin reuptake in brain and thereby enhancing transmission a the serotonergic synapse |
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Term
| advantage of SSRI over tricyclic antidepressants |
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Definition
| SSRI have fewer side effects than tricyclic |
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Term
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Definition
Primary: treating major depressive symptoms
Other: anxiety disorders |
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Term
| what food should be avoided when using SSRIs and why |
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Definition
| grapefruit juice: interaction will lead to toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing avaliability at synapse |
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Term
|
Definition
| To treat major depression. Also, treatment for generalised anxiety disorders and social anxiety disorders |
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Term
| Another name for atypical antidepressants |
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Definition
| second generation antidepressants |
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Term
| Uses for second generation antidepressants |
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Definition
| Treatment of major depression, reactive depression and anxiety |
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Term
| Cautionary info for atypical antidepressants with MAOIs (2) |
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Definition
1) Atypical antidepressants should not be used with MAOIs
2) Atypical antidepressants should not be taken within 14 days after discontinuing MAOIs |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibit an enzyme called monamine oxidase (MAO).
MOA inactivates norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine and epiniphrine. Thus, inhibiting MAO will increase the levels of the above neuro transmittors |
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Term
| Two types of monoamine oxidase enzymes |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are MAO-A and MAO-B primarily found (2 organs) |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| inactivates dopamine in brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| inactivates norepinephrine and serotonin |
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Term
| Why are MAOIs not the drug of choice for treatment |
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Definition
| Risk of hypertensive crisis from food and medication interactions. Usually prescrbed when client does not respond to atypical antidepressants or TCAs |
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Term
| What medication should not be taken with MAOIs |
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Definition
| TCAs and MAOIs should never be used together! |
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Term
| List at least 7 foods to avoid with MAOI use |
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Definition
| cheese, yoghurt, soy sauce, Itallian green beans, chocolate, bananas, coffee, liver, pickeld foods, sausage, yeast, beer and red wines |
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Term
| Nursing interventions with MAOI use in clients |
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Definition
| BP monitoring, education on foods to avoid and OTC medications |
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