Term
| Drug characteristics of Anticonvulsants |
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Definition
Drugs use for reducing uncontrolled neuronal activity.
Used to treat epilepsy, headaches, and migraines
Drug action include:
1) Reducing Ca influx
2) Reducing Na Influx
3) Increasing GABA |
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Term
| Drug groups of anticonvulsants |
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Definition
Drug groups include:
Hydontoin
Barbituates (see CNS Depressants)
Succinimides- Not popularly used
Benzodiazapines (See CNS Depressants)
Eminostillbenes
Valproate (see CNS Stimulants) |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Anticonvulsants
Drugs include:
Phenyltoin (Dilantin) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Phenytoin
Subclass: Hydantoins
Action: Reduces sodium influx
Note: DOC, least toxic, non-addicting, has narrow therapeutic range of 10-20mcg/ml |
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Term
| Subclass: Barbituates (CNS depressant as well) |
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Definition
Drugs include:
Phenobarbital- also a CNS depressant/Hypnotic-sedative
Precautions:
Do not take with alcohol, and taper off |
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Term
| Phenobarbital (see CNS depressants |
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: long acting barbituate |
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Term
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Definition
not popularly used
Drugs include:
Ethosuximide (Zarontin) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Ethosuximide
Class: Anticonvulsant
SubClass: Succinimides
Use: To treat petite mal seizures |
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Term
| SubClass: Oxazolidones/Oxzolidinediones |
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Definition
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Term
| Subclass: Benzodiazapines (See CNS depressant) |
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotics
Note: should not be used longer than 4 weeks as a hypnotic
Drugs used as anticonvulsants:
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Clorazepate depotassium (Tranxene)
Diazepam (Valium)
Lorazepam (Ativan) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Clonazepam
Subclass: Benzodiazapine
Class: Anticonvulsant
Note: DOC as an anticonvulsant, used to treat bipolar disorder as well.
Do not take with grapefruit |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Clorazepatedepotassium
Subclass: Benzodiazapine
Class: Anticonvulsant |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Diazepam
Subclass: Benzodiazapene
Class: Anticonvulsant
Note: Effective Anticonvulsant |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Lorazepam
Subclass: Benzodiazapene
Class: Anticonvulsant |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Anticonvulsant
Includes Drug Carbamazepine (Tegretol) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Carbamazepine
Subclass: Eminostilbene
Class: Anticonvulsant
Note: used if seizure disorder has not responded to anticonvulsant drugs. Used for bipolar disorders as well.
Contraindicated with grapefruit |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Anticonvulsant
Action: These drugs suppress Ca influx
Includes drugs:
Valproic acid (Depakene)
Divalproex Sodium (Depakote)
Note: drugs are hepatoxic |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Valproic acid
Subclass: Valproate
Class: Anticonvulsant
Note: suppresses Ca influx, hepatoxic
Contraindicated with liver problems |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Divalproex sodium
Subclass: Valproate
Class: Anticonvulsant
Note: suppresses Ca influx, hepatoxic
Contraindicated with liver problems |
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Term
| Side effects: Anticonvulsants |
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Definition
| Low platelet, low WBC, hyperglycemia (b/c of insulin inhibition) |
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Term
| Assessment: Anticonvulsants |
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Definition
Assess for liver problems (labs)
Assess if client is a danger to self as a result of epileptic seizures |
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