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Anticoag 2
n/a
23
Pharmacology
Graduate
04/05/2013

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Cards

Term
Risk factors for VTE
Definition
SX, truama, immobility, Cancer, previous DVT, increasing age, pregnancy, estrogen, medical illness, heart/resp failure, obesity, smoking, varicose veins, central lines, inherited blood disorders
Term
DVT
s/s
Definition
(could be silent)Pain, tender, swelling, discoloration
Term
PE
s/s
Definition
(could be silent)First sign may be death, resp. or cardiac symptoms, hemoptysis,pain
Term
Hospitalized pts at high risk for DVT
Definition
Critical care, spinal cord injury, major trauma, hip/knee surgery, stroke, general surgery, medical
Term
VTE risk levels & recommendations
Definition
Low-Minor sx <40, no other risk factors
(early mobilization)
Moderate-minor sx,40-60,additional risk factors. (LDUH 5000u BID, LMWH, mechanical devices)
High->60, or 40-60 w/risk factors (LDUH 5000u TID, LMWH)
Highest-sx w/multi risk factors, ortho sx, major trauma (LMWH, fondaparinux, warfarin,or LDUH/LMWH + mechanical devices)
Term
Anticoagulants
use & list
Definition
Used to reduce the ability of blood to clot.
-UFH, LMWH, oral anticoags, antiplatelets
Term
Mechanical methods to prevent VTE
Benefit/problem
Definition
Use has lack of bleeding potential
Has not shown to reduce risk of death or PE-has to be the right size
-use as adjunct, and in high bleed risk
Term
Antiplatelet drug
list
Definition
ASA, Plavix, Effient, Brilinta
Term
Antiplatelet
uses
Definition
Adjunct in revascularization.
Prevent thrombotic complications in-CAD, CHF, TIA, MI, PAD.
Prevent thrombotic complications in pts w/acute coronary syndrome, ST elevation MI after PCI
Term
Antiplatelet
MOA
Definition
ASA-block prostaglandin synthesis preventing formation of thromboxane A2
Plavix-prevent fibrinogen binding at ADP receptors thus reducing platelet adhesion and aggregation, prodrug requires activation
Effient-same as plavix, occurs in rapid single step process
Term
Antiplatelet-ASA
side effects
Definition
BLEEDING, edema, hyperglycemia, N/V, GI ulcers, renal failure, Reye's
Term
Antiplatelet-Plavix
side effects
Definition
GI-pain, vomiting, dyspepsia, gastritis, constipation, HA, rash, pruritus, bleeding, arthralgia, URI, flu-like symptoms
Term
Antiplatelet-Effient
side effects
Definition
BLEEDING-fatal, HTN, HA, hypercholesterolemia/hyperlipidemia, nausea, back pain, epistaxis
Term
ASA
drug interaction
Definition
other anticoags, NSAIDs, alcohol, ACE/ARB,antacids, diuretics
Term
Plavix
drug interactions
Definition
several CYP 450 subtrates, PPIs,
anticoags, NSAIDS, salicylates, platelet inhibitors, ginko
Term
Effient
drug interactions
Definition
Anticoags, ASA, heparin, LMWH, NSAIDs, G IIb/IIIa inhibitors, thrombolytic agents, several CYP 450 subtrates
Term
ASA
kinetics
Definition
can be given rectal. 1/2 life 3h
Term
Plavix
kinetics
Definition
load dose, inhibition of aggregation begins in 2hrs, max effect 3-7days, 5days to return to baseline
Term
Effient
kinetics
Definition
Load dose, inhibition of aggregation begins in 30min, max effect 3-5 days, return baseline 5-9days (irreversible binding)
Term
Brilinta
MOA
Definition
prevent thrombotic events in ACS. Block ADP receptors on the platelet surface. Reversible (effects wear off faster than Plavix or Effient)
Term
Brilinta
side effects
Definition
bleeding, dyspnea, HA, cough, dizzy, nausea, chest pain, diarrhea, ventricular pauses
Term
Xarelto
MOA
Definition
Factor Xa inhibitor. Selective
Term
Xarelto
advantages over warfarin
Definition
set dose, rapid onset,lower bleeding risk, fewer interactions, no lab monitoring
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