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any chemical compound used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria
most new ones aren't naturally sourced |
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cell wall
cell membrane
protein synthesis
nucleic acid synthesis |
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vancoymcin
penicillins
can target several different stages
penicillins inhibit transpeptidases
bind to PBP's on cell membrane
autolytic enzymes break down peptidoglycan
influx of water
cell bursts
bactericidal
MRSA has an altered PBP, PBP2a |
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chloramphenicol
-prevent peptide bond formation
tetracyclines
-block tRNA binding to 30s subunit
-have to get through multiple membranes via diffusion and active transport
aminoglycosides
-impair proof reading |
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trimethroprim +sulphonamides
used together
sulphonamides compete with PABA on active site of DHPS
stopping production of dihydrofolate reductase
trimethoprim inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductases
when used together beneficial to stop production of tetrahydrofolic acid in two places so if one fails the other should work |
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polymixins
not many as they provide less opportunity for selective toxicity
last resort
- synthetically altered to be less toxic |
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