Term
| What are the MOA, clinical use and SE of aminoglycosides? |
|
Definition
Binds 30s ribosomal subunit --> protein synthesis inhibition
broad spectrum AB
SE:
Ocular:SPK and delayed epithelialization
Systemic: nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of tetracycline, doxycycline, and minocycline? |
|
Definition
| Inhibit 30s ribosomal subunit --> protein synthesis inhibition |
|
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Term
| What are the MOA and SE of chloramphenicol? |
|
Definition
Inhibit 50s ribosomal subunit --> protein synthesis inhibition
Optic neuritis
Irreversible aplastic anemia (even from topical!)
Grey Baby syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What is the class, MOA and use for erythromycin? |
|
Definition
macrolide
inhibits 50s ribosome
prophylactic neonatorium ophthalmia |
|
|
Term
| What is the class, MOA and use for azithromycin? |
|
Definition
macrolide
inhibits 50s ribosome
Oral: tx for chlamydia
Topical: tx for blepharitis |
|
|
Term
| What is the class, MOA and use for clarithromycin? |
|
Definition
macrolide
inhibits 50s ribosomal unit
Use: tx of URI and LRI |
|
|
Term
| What is the main use and MOA of clindamycin? |
|
Definition
inhibits 50s ribosomal subunit
Use: MRSA infections
SE: pseudomembranous colitis |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA, SE and use for Rifampin? |
|
Definition
Inhibits mRNA synthesis by binding RNA polymerase
SE: orange tears/urine
Anti-TB drug |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA, SE and use for Isoniazid? |
|
Definition
Inhibits mycolic acid --> inhibits TB cell wall
SE: Optic neuritis (rare)
Anti-TB drug that can be used in isolation for latent TB |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA, SE and use for Ethambutol? |
|
Definition
Inhiits arabinosyl transferase --> inhibits TB cell wall
SE: Bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis
Anti-TB drug |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 drugs that bind ergosterol? |
|
Definition
Amphoterocin B
Nystatin
Netamycin |
|
|
Term
| What is the use for Amphoterocin B? What is the main SE? |
|
Definition
Broad spectrum IV anti-fungal
SE: Nephrotoxicity |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 drugs that inhibit ergosterol and their main SE? |
|
Definition
Anti-Fungals:
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Miconazole
SE: Liver dysfunction (inhibits cytochrome P450) |
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA and SE of griseofulvin? |
|
Definition
MOA: inhibits tubule formation in fungal cell wall
SE: photosensitivity, HA, nausea |
|
|
Term
| What 4 drugs inhibit dihydroperoate synthase? What is their very serious SE? |
|
Definition
Folic acid synthesis blockers, all 4 have 'sulf' in the name
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in either ophthalmic or oral sulfonamides |
|
|
Term
| Are folic acid drugs bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 drugs inhibit dihydrofolate reductase? |
|
Definition
trimethoprim
pyrimethamine |
|
|
Term
| What is the ocular use for pyrimethamine? |
|
Definition
| Orally for toxo infxn of eye |
|
|
Term
| What is the main SE of trimethoprim? |
|
Definition
| Oral can cause bone marrow suppression = aplastic anemia |
|
|
Term
| What drug inhibits peptidoglycan and is gram (-) in spectrum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
narrow spectrum penicillinase resistant PCN
Targets Staph. aureus and Staph. epidermis
DOC for Methicillin Sensitive Staph Aureus
Used to treat hordeolums and blepharitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st gen cephalosporin
gram + spectrum
SE: nephrotoxicity; C/I in pts w/ hemophilia (alters Vit K absorption) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2nd gen cephalosporin
More gram (-) spectrum
SE: nephrotoxicity; C/I in pts w/ hemophilia (alters Vit K absorption) |
|
|
Term
| If a pt is allergic to PCN, what is the odds they will be allergic to cephalosporins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Macrolides:
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin |
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