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Anti-depressant medications
anti-depressant medications
11
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
10/22/2011

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Term
Tricyclic antidepressants(TCAs)
General Info
Definition
inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
ex:amitriptyline(elavil), nortriptyline(pamelor)
Must take dose for 10-14 days before they begin to work. Full effects not seen for 4-8 weeks.
Dosage should always start low initially and should be increased gradually.
Term
TCA adverse reactions
Definition
Anticholinergic actions(dry mouth, blurred vision, tachydcardia, constipation, urinary retention.)
Orhtostatic hypotension, and sedative effects.
LETHAL in overdose: Toxicity may lead to dysrhythmias, tachycardia, myocardial infarction.
Term
TCA teaching
Definition
Flu like symptoms if stopped suddenly. Rise slowly. Gum and candy for dry mouth.
Term
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.(SSRIs) general info
Definition
prevent serotonin from reuptake in pre-synaptic neuron. Faster onset of action than TCAs, better side effect profile.
Should not be taken with MAOI's(or within 14 days of discontinue)
examples: Prozac, zoloft, Paxil, Celexa, Lexapro.
Term
SSRI's adverse reactions
Definition
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, sleep disturbances, nauseated, weight gain,
Term
Serotonin syndrome
Definition
overactivation of the central serotonin receptors. hyperactivity,anxiety, insomnia, increased temp, increased BP, increased pulse, delirium.
Interventions:discontinue SSRI's. use serotonin blocker. cooling blankets, anticonvulsants.
Term
Antidepressants
Definition
All take 4-6 weeks for full therapeutic effect. after 1-2 weeks may see increase in energy level. Negative side effects can be felt first-Watch for suicidal ideation. goal is to improve sleep, less fatigue, more emotional control.
Term
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Definition
Prevent destruction of monoamines(serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine)
ex:Marplan, Nardil, Parnate

Low tyramine diet(avoid aged foods including cheese and meats, wine.) and avoid OTC reactions(cough medicines)
Term
MAOIs adverse reactions
Definition
HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS(severe HA,fever,stiff neck, severe nose bleeds) sedation, orthostatic hypostension, weight gain, sexual dysfunction.
Term
bupropion(Wellbutrin)
Definition
Used for smoking cessation, acts on dopamine. Do not take with seizure disorder. s/e: Priaprism-prolonged, painful erection.
Term
trazodone(Desyrel)
Definition
helps with sleep
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