attack during s phase

(dna synthesis)

attack during m phase

(mitosis)

nitrogen mustards: meclorethamine, cyclpphosphamide, ifosfamide

cisplatin, carboplatin

temozolomide

alkylating agent

bind covalently to dna

nitrogen mustard

cyclophosphamide

ifosfamide

cisplatin

carboplatin

alkylating agent

binds to DNA

platinum

cisplatin directly stimulates vomid center

treat with 5ht3 antagonist: ondansetron,granisetron

renal tox give amifostine

alkylating agent

binds covalently to DNA

crosses BBB 

use for brain tumor

Doxorubicin

epirubicin

anthracyclines

intercalators

inhibit DNA synthesis

generates reactive 02 species 

results in DNA strand breaks

ADR: pulmonary tox

methotrexate

fluorouracil

6 mercaptopurine

antimetabolite

folic acid analog

ADR: stomatitis: irritation of mucous membranes

give leucovorin to rescue normal cells

flurouracil

(5-Fu)

gemcitabine

capecitabine (oral)

pyrimidine analogs

stomatitis

vincas

camptothecins

epipodophyllotoxins

taxenes

vincrisitne

vinblastine

vincas

m phase

prevent formation of mitotic spindle

cause extravercion necrosis if drug is administered outside of the vein

treat with heat and hyaluronidase

irinotecan

topotecan

s phase

moa: inhibit topoisomerase I 

results in DNA strand breaks

ADR: diarrhea 

etoposide

teniposide

epipophyllotoxins

moa: inhibit topoisomerase II  

dna strand breaks

paclitaxel

docetaxel

taxenes

moa: stabilize microtubules

blocks cell division

asparaginase

pegasparaginase

antihelmitic drug that nonspecifically stimulates immune system

vaccine against a bovine gut bacteria that enhances the immune system to remove tumor cells 

DOC: bladder cancer