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| Is the discipline of defining groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics. |
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| Why science needed a new naming system |
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| There was an error of great discovery where new organisms came under the eyes of scientist who realized a _______ was essential. |
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| A swedish biologist who published his first volume on taxonomy called Species in 1735. |
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| What was the first hominid species to expand out of Africa? |
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| H. habilis has been characterized cranially and postcranially. Cranially, it resembles the genus Homo; postcranially? |
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| It resembles the australopithecines |
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| refers to stone tool kits with hand axes |
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| Habilis, Erectus, Rudolfensis, and ergaster |
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| As biologists discover new evidence, they reconsider their old ways of classifying fossil forms. This can result in _____ previously distinct species into one |
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| Generally, closely related groups of organisms constitute distance species when they are on separate evolutionary tacks, which usually occurs because of lack of interbreeding between the two groups. |
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| When organisms share a trait due to common ancestry |
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| s a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. |
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| How to write a scientific name correctly |
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| Genus name + Species Name |
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| Where a scientific name comes from |
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| They are based on phylogeny between taxa or relatedness between different groups. |
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| Makes it easier to determine which traits are primitive, because those are not helpful when determining evolutionary relationships |
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| Traits that have just evolved in the most recent ancestor by the process of mutation |
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| An image that show an evolutionary relationship between different organisms, what traits an organism has, and common ancestry. You can not determine why an organism has specific traits from this method |
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| Trait that organisms share because of common ancestry |
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| Similar in different organisms because of adaptations to different environments |
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| Different organisms are listed at the top of a cladogram, while |
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| Different traits are listed along the bottom |
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| Those traits that are inherited from a distant ancestor |
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| The five categories of characteristics, and the specific traits within each category, that distinguish primates |
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| Hands and Feet, Senses, Brain, Parental Investment, Social Behavior |
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| Primates are characterized by having grasping ability, an opposable thumb and also a big toe, fingernails, and tactie pads on the end of the fingers and toes. |
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Primates rely more on their sense of vision than their sense of smell
-Most primates, except for the nocturnal ones have color vision, |
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| What are the suborders of primates |
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| Prosimii and Anthropoieda |
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| A natural object which has been moved from its original context by human agency |
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| An object made by a human being, typically an item of cultural or historical interest |
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| Organic material found at an archaeological site that carries archaeological significance. Flora, fauna, they are brought to the site by hominin, and they are not modified. |
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| A collection of one or more contexts representing some human non-portable activity that generally has a vertical characteristic to it in relation to site stratigraphy |
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| The study of how after death animal and plant remains become modified, moved, buried, and fossilized |
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| Hypotheses for origins of bipedalism |
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| Hauling food, attracting mates, aquatic apes, weapons and tools, keeping cool, grabbing a bite |
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| Would have allowed males to provide their mates and offspring with high-quality food as well as to help protect them from any looming dangers |
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| Disadvantages of bipedalism |
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Definition
| Standing up in the grasslands to get an advanced view would have immediately announced to carnivores galore that a new entree had appeared on the menu, as well as the fact giving up quadrapedalism |
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| Skeletal differences between bipedal humans and Australopithecines |
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| S-shaped spine, bowl shaped ilia, shorter pelvic bone, long lower limbs, spring ligaments and feet, spine entering the skull base, long femur necks, robust knee joints, short straight toes, large hip joints, shorter pelvic bone, angled thigh bones |
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| Animals that move on four limbs, |
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| Animals that assume bipedalism on a temporary basis in order to function |
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| Aka habitual bipedalism, bipedalism as the only form of hominid terrestrial locomotion |
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Pongon abelli and p. pygmaeus
Sumatra Indonesia and Borneo
They are strictly arboreal, swinging through the trees by their long arms |
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| 4 kinds of African Great Ape |
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| Gorilla, chimpanzee, bonobos, and the human |
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| Pads of calloused bare skin attached to the bone in the seat of the pants area, they help the monkey balance itself when sitting and sleeping on top of a branch |
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| Internal membranes that open into the mouth through a split-like opening, they are used to store food that they will consume later |
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| Common Names of the Prosimians |
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| Lemurs (Madagascar), lories (Africa), tarsier (Southeast Asia), and galagos (Asia) |
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| Fossil remains of our earliest human ancestors are found on which continent? |
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| Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
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| shows that female primates are ready to mate |
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