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Anthropology 200
Hominids
8
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
11/18/2009

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Term
Australopithecus anamensis
Definition
4.2 – 3.9 mya
Kanappi & Allia Bay, Kenya

Derived traits
Thick enamel
More human-like molar
Lower limb indicates bipedalism
Term
Australopithecus afarensis
Definition
4.0 – 2.9 mya
Hadar, Ethiopia
Laetoli, Tanzania (3.6 mya)

reduced canine
Term
Kenyanthropus platyops
Definition
3.3 – 3.2 mya
Lake Turkana, Kenya

primitive & derived traits
Flatter face
Thick enamel
Term
Australopithecus africanus (South Africa)
Definition
3.5 – 2.0 mya
Taung, South Africa

1st early hominid ever found
Found by Ramond Dart in
the 1920’s
Term
Australopithecus garhi
Definition
2.5 mya
Similar to other australopithecines in many ways

Derived traits
Larger posterior dentition
Possible tool user
Possible sagittal crest
Cranial capacity 450
Term
Ardipithecus
Definition
5.8 – 4.4 mya
Ethiopia (East Africa)
Morphology of a toe bone suggests bipedalism
Term
Orrorin tugenesis
Definition
6 mya
Kenya (East Africa)
Internal architecture of the femur suggests bipedalism
Term
Sahelanthropus
Definition
7-6 mya
Chad (Central Africa)
Derived traits
Less prognathism
Brow ridges 
Anteriorly and inferiorly placed foramen (hole) magnum (larger than normal)
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