On the Origin of Species

Does NOT use the word Evolution in the first few editions

used "Decent with Modification" and "change"

Also wrote Descent of Man in 1864 to incorporate how this change affects mankind

Polish Cleric

Debated the location of the sun (Geocentric versus Heliocentric)

Proved Heliocentric universe.

Placed under house arrest by the Pope

Later, Newton and Kepler forced the issue and supported a heliocentric universe

Sweedish Botinast who developed classification system used for naming species, by genus and species

(Borrowed from John Ray)

Creationist who believed in "fixity of species"

Biological change occured by acquired characteristics

Law of use and disuse

Believer in fixity of species

Developed and suggested nature may be changed by catastrophic events (catastrophism)

British geologist and friend/mentor of Darwin

Developed geological theory of uniformitarianism

which is slow gradual change over time

Clergyman and economist

Wrote on principle of population growth

Soruce for concept of Natural Selection

Nearly scooped Darwin on theory of evolution and natural selection

Wrote a joint paper in 1858

Wallace was a younger naturalist and collected specimients from the Malayan Archipelago in 1854

Developed idea separately from Darwin

Scientist and friedn fo Darwin

Wrote a book to adress the issue of human evolution and suggested humans were closely related to Pan and gorillas

He dealt with mans' place in nature as an animal

Where Darwin did a bunch of research

This helped him establish his foundation of Natural selection

Major points include:

all species are capable of producing offspring faster than food can increase (an idea borrowed from Malthus)

All living things show variation among individuals

Those more fit will survive and reproduce due to competition over resources

Those that will survive will produce offspring with favorable traits

Over time, variations will increase in population

Traits are inherited

Geographical isolation can lead to new species forming

Favorable traits are determined by environment

Suvrival of the Fittest is NOT A DARWINIAN TERM!

Focused more on biologyu and reproductive health

Darwin's second book

Descent with Modification was brought forth in this book

Believes there are 2 mechanisms that lead to change

sexual selection and natural selection

Principles of Biology

Coined evolution to mean organic change

a process by which organic progress to a more perfect being (WASP)

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Members of one species are reproductively isolated from members of all other societies (i.e. they cannot mate with them to produce fertile offspring)

The field of inquiry that studies human culture and evolutionary aspects of human biology

Includes cultural anthropology, archaeology, lingusitics, and physical, or biological anthropology

Behavioral aspects of human adaptation, including technology, traditions, language, religion, marriage patterns, and social roles.

These are learned behaviors and nonbiological