Term
| Calculated earth's age as millions of years. Founder of Geology and the idea of uniformitarianism (1788) |
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Definition
James Hutton
Geology
Provided geologic evidence necessary for calculating time span of evolution |
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Term
| Rediscovered Hutton's ideas and wrote 3vol. book "Principles of Geology" published in 1830-33 (1830) |
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Definition
Charles Lyell
Geology
Believed in deep time and uniformitarianism. Contradicted the belief of when the earth formed.
Provided more geologic evidence |
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Term
| **Proved that fossils are organisms' remains (1665)** |
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Definition
Robert Hooke
Paleontology
Revealed that fossils would provide the history of past life |
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Term
| Presented the idea of catastrophism and extensively studied fossi (1796) |
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Definition
Georges Cuvier
Paleontology - Macroevolution
Revealed much variation in the fossil record |
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Term
| **Pioneered taxonomy based on physical appearance (1660)** |
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Definition
John Ray
Taxonomy
Created the first scientific classification of plants and animals |
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Term
| Wrote Systems of Nature. Invented binomial system. ( (1735) |
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Definition
Carolus Linnaeus
Taxonomy
Presented the binomial nomenclature taxonomy of plants and animals |
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Term
| Founded demography:only some will find enough food to survive (1798) |
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Definition
Thomas Malthus
Demography
Provided the concept of characteristics advantageous for survival |
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Term
| Believed in acquired characteristics via inheritance at a micro (individual) level, but still didn't believe in that species evolve. (1809) |
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Definition
Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck
Evobio
Populations evolve.
Provided first serious model of physical traits' passing from parents to offspring |
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Term
| Also posited characteristics (determined by wants and needs) acquired via inheritance (1794) |
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Definition
Erasmus Darwin
Evobio
Advanced the notion that physical changes occurred in the past |
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Term
| cultural relativism (see beauty in all ways of life) |
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Definition
Boaz, Franz (1858-1942)
avoid ethnocentrism!
respect other cultures
don't base your opinion of cultures on our own (i.e. ethnocentrism)
Columbia Univ. teacher
Empirical data |
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Term
| Darwin's bulldog. Defended/represented him in evolutionary debate against the church. |
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Definition
Thomas Huxley (1825-1895)
english Biologist
Defended Darwin and made eventual contributions of his own, concept that humans evolved from an apelike animal. |
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