Term
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Definition
| Application of evolutionary principles and knowledge of human evolutionary history to understanding health and disease |
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Definition
Biological causation
Physiology, genetics, biochemistry, etc. generally concentrate on _________ causation
“What” & “How” questions |
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Definition
How evolutionary processes (natural selection;
adaptation) and evolutionary history shape traits
“Why” questions |
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Term
understanding human evolution helps
us understand contemporary health issues |
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Definition
1). Bipedalism & Low back pain-An extremely efficient way to travel long distances (also frees the hands for carrying). But, predisposed to back pain, especially with sedentary lifestyles Viewed as product of design constraints & trade-offs
2). Bipedalism and brain size on infant growth & development (the “obstetric dilemma”). Requires shift in life history pattern
~“Early” birth (risk for SIDS)
~ Long period of postnatal dependence and brain development
~Requires high quality diets and ability to store large amounts of fat
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Term
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Definition
Contemporary cosmopolitan, urban environments as ____
~Different from the environmental conditions in which our species evolved
~Widespread availability of energy dense foods
(especially fats & refined carbohydrates)
~Certain highly energy dense foods (especially
liquids) “override” the system
~more sedentary
~Our metabolism is evolved to be thrifty, making it
difficult to diet to lose fat
~Links between chronic psychological stress & fat
amount/pattern |
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