Term
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Definition
| Vertically oriented folds of skin at the medial canthus that is equally distributed between super and inferior lid |
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Term
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Definition
| Vertically oriented folds of skin at the medial canthus that is more prominent on the upper lid |
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Term
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Definition
| Vertically oriented folds of skin at the medial canthus that is more prominent on the inferior lid |
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Term
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Definition
| Vertically oriented folds of skin at the medial canthus that begins near the brow bone and continues to the lower lid |
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Term
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Definition
| A lateral displacement of the medial canthus and puncta |
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Term
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Definition
| A lateral displacement of the entire orbit |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic melanocyte formation disorder associated with telacanthus |
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Term
| BPES (Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome) |
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Definition
| A congenital narrowing of the interpalpebral fissure associated with lid droop and epicanthal folds |
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Term
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Definition
| An extra horizontal fold of skin at the lower eyelid margin that causes the eyelids to fold inward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The in turning of the entire lid margin (Superior often due to microphthalmos and inferior commonly due to improper lower lid retractor muscle development) |
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Term
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Definition
| A notch or complete absence of a SECTION of eye lid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A genetic condition causing vertically short eyelids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Near absolute deficiency of eyelid tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small and malformed globe due to improper development of the optic vesicle with no other ocular problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small and malformed globe due to improper development of the optic vesicle that is colobomatous (often of the iris) |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small and malformed globe due to a lack of closure of the optic fissure involving cyst formation |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small and malformed globe due to improper development of the optic vesicle where there is a normal sized cornea and appearance but reduced axial length by >2 standard deviations |
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Term
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Definition
| Complete absence of ocular tissue in the orbit caused by the optic vesicle never budding. Often with microblepharon and absence of EOM |
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Term
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Definition
| Complete absence of ocular tissue in the orbit where the globe is replaced by disorganized cyst |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of eyelids where the skin grows straight from forehead to cheek continuously |
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Term
| Incomplete cryptophthalmos |
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Definition
| Absence of eyelids where the lateral eyelid is normal but the medial skin is fused to the globe |
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Term
| Symblepharon cryptophthalmos |
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Definition
| Absence of eyelids where the palpebral conjunctiva of the upper lid is fused to the bulbar conjunctiva of the superior globe |
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Term
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Definition
| Where the eyelids have formed but remain fused (without disorganization of deeper structures). |
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Term
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Definition
| Condition where the eyelids are abnormally long horizontally. Results in lateral ectropion. |
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Term
| Congenital upper lid eversion |
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Definition
| Children born with lids that constantly flip. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cranial synostosis disease associated with the brachial arch |
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Term
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Definition
| Cranial synostosis syndrome that presents with syndactyly and may be related to keratoconus |
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Term
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Definition
| Cranial synostosis syndrome that is most severe |
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Term
| Treacher collins syndrome |
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Definition
| Mandibulofacialdystosis disease associated with visual issues like slanted eyes and INFERIOR coloboma |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital defect associated with vascular incident. Presents with upper lid coloboma (medial portion), limbal dermoids, preauricular skin tags, and absent ears |
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Term
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Definition
| An eye with a cornea that is less than 10 mm in diameter. |
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Term
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Definition
| An eye with a cornea larger than 13 mm |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition with an enlarged cornea and an enlarged globe with elevated IOP |
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Term
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Definition
| Megalocornea when associated with varying degree of mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| Megalocornea with an enlarged ciliary body |
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Term
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Definition
| When the scleral tissue grows onto and over the cornea (without any inflammatory process) |
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Term
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Definition
| A severely flat cornea (30-35 D) |
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Term
| Keratolenticular dysgenesis |
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Definition
| When the lens vesicle separates but does not form properly. The lens, iris, and cornea are mashed together. |
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Term
| Congenital anterior staphyloma |
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Definition
| An opaque cornea that protrudes through and beyond the lids due to keratitis during gestation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bulging of the cornea outward due to the IOP pressing against it. Often the result of surgery and may present with nebulae |
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Term
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Definition
| A cornea with normal anterior curvature but a posterior (endothelial) curvature that is too steep. May be generalized or circumscribed |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypertrophy of the pigmented epithelium of the iris where it comes around the pupil border. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conical ectasia of the lens due to thinning of the anterior capsule. 90% of which are associated with Alport syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| A protrusion of the posterior lens not associated with systemic problems. Presents with a reflex showing an oil drop appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small and rounded lens. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focal infarction on the anterior lens epithelium (opacified flecks) |
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Term
| Peripheral anterior synechiae |
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Definition
| Attachments of the cornea to the iris |
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Term
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Definition
| A systemic disorder with skeletal malformation, short stature, brachycephaly, and limited joint mobility. Have ectopia lentis, microspherophakia, and lenticular myopia |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormally small lens. Part of the diagnosis of Lowe's in addition to the diagnostic triad( Cataract, infant hypotonia/mental impairment, renal tubular dysfunction) |
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Term
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Definition
| Not a true coloboma. Where the lens zonules in one place are absent leading to a flattening of part of the lens. May be due to a true ciliary body coloboma or tumor. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anteriorly displaced schwalbe's line. Part of axenfeld/reiger |
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Term
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Definition
| Posterior embryotoxin and peripheral iris processes |
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Term
|
Definition
| Posterior embryotoxin and peripheral iris processes WITH increased IOP and glaucoma |
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Term
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Definition
| Axenfeld's anomaly plus pigmentary retinopathy which may involve jaundice/liver disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease of collagen degeneration with blue or violet sclera, hyperflexible joints, and loose skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When pigment spills into the anterior chamber and collects in a line |
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Term
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Definition
| A thinning of iris that can lead to holes or tears |
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Term
|
Definition
| Posterior embryotoxin, iris processes, and iris atrophy/hypoplasia |
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Term
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Definition
| Posterior embryotoxin, iris processes, and iris atrophy/hypoplasia AND systemic developmental anomalies (of the face, head, teeth, and skeleton) |
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Term
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Definition
| Corneal leukoma caused by scarring with central iris attachment to the leukoma and possible lens involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| Corneal leukoma caused by scarring with lens involvement (cataract, abnormal position or prominent zonules) |
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Term
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Definition
| A complete lack of iris tissue (or a small stump)that is inherited autosomal dominant |
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Term
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Definition
| A complete lack of iris (or small stump)that is sporadic and often associated with Wilms' tumor |
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Term
| AN3 (aniridia type three) |
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Definition
| A complete lack of iris (or small stump) that is inherited autosomal recessive. Often associated with Gillespies' syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| A small remnant of hyaloid artery/tunica vasculosa lentis that is on the posterior surface of the lens |
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Term
| Persistent pupillary membrane type 1 |
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Definition
| Remnants of tunica vasculosa lentis that attach to the iris and may span or dangle in the pupil |
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Term
| Persistent pupillary membrane type 2 |
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Definition
| Remnants of tunica vasculosa lentis that attachs to the iris AND has irido-lenticular adhesions |
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Term
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Definition
| An outward turning of the lid due to age |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| An outward turning of the lid due to scarring |
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Term
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Definition
| An inward turning of the lid due to facial spasm |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of any eyelid gland. Internal is usually meibomian glands, and external zeis or moll. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic sterile granulomatous inflammatory lesion caused by sabaceous excretions. (Painless, firm, immobile) |
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Term
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Definition
| Superficial nodule due to over-proliferation of epidermal cells. Firm, mobile, skin or light toned |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sabaceous cysts caused by blockage of pilosabaceous units. Small and full of keratin, epithelial cells, fat, and cholestrin. The keratin plug must be removed! |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sudoiferous cyst/apocrine hidrocystoma. A distended cyst that is due to overproduction of apocrine secretory glands. So the cyst is translucent and full of sweat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Benign cystic lesion of the eccrine sweat gland. Flat, amber colored, and periorbital. Smith type is solitary, Robinson type is muliple. Change with the weather. |
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Term
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Definition
| Neoplasm of the gland epithelium of eccrine glands. Appear during puberty as areas of thickened skin |
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Term
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Definition
| Occlusions of pilosebaceous units that are tiny. Primary milia are congenital, secondary are called dermabrasion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Black heads or white heads associated with acne vulgaris. Have keratin and sebum plugs in hair follicles and pores. |
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Term
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Definition
| An overgrowth of epithelium that is of non-viral origin. Have vascular cores and may be sessile (flat) or pedunculated (stalk) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Viral papilloma that can be verruca plana (flat) or verruca digitata (finger like). Most often due to types 6, 11, and 16 HPV. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Basal cell papilloma or senile verruca. It looks like a raisin on the skin. NO malignant potential. May be part of sign of Lesser-Trelat (which is a sign of deeper malignancy) |
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Term
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Definition
| Solar or senile keratosis. Most common precancerous skin lesion and due to UV exposure. Are overgrowths of keratin surrounded by redness. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Molluscum sebaceum. A keratinous lesion due to sun exposure in the immunocompromised which forms a cutaneous horn. May turn into a carcinoma. May also be inherited and multiple (Ferguson-smith syndrome) |
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Term
| Acquired melanocytic nevus (blue) |
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Definition
| Discolorations of the skin with possible potential for malignancy. Derived from proliferation of dermal melanocytes |
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Term
| Acquired melanocytic nevus (Junctional) |
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Definition
| Discolorations of the skin with possible potential for malignancy. Derived from epidermal melanocytes and light in color found in the superior skin |
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Term
| Acquired melanocytic nevus (Compound) |
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Definition
| Discolorations of the skin with possible potential for malignancy. due to epidermal melanocytes spreading from epidermis to dermis. Darker in color. |
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Term
| Acquired melanocytic nevus (Intradermal) |
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Definition
| Discolorations of the skin with possible potential for malignancy. Due to epidermal melanocytes. May be confused for squamous papillomas and cysts of zeis. BUT they have vessels running along them and are filled with a different material than those lesions. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A congenital nevus that affects upper and lower lid margins |
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Term
| Cutaneous capillary hemangioma |
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Definition
| A hamartoma of capillary blood vessels and the most common pediatric eyelid/orbital tumor. Located in the epidermis and are bright red. |
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Term
| Purely preseptal capillary hemangioma |
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Definition
| A hamartoma of capillary blood vessels and the most common pediatric eyelid/orbital tumor. In the lid connective tissue and are blue and purple in color. |
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Term
| Preseptal capillary hemangioma with extraconal element |
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Definition
| A hamartoma of capillary blood vessels and the most common pediatric eyelid/orbital tumor. Located in the lid connective tissue with some involvement outside the EOMSs but within the orbit |
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Term
| Combination capillary hemangioma |
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Definition
| A hamartoma of capillary blood vessels and the most common pediatric eyelid/orbital tumor. May have cutaneous, preseptal, extraconal or intraconal involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| Benign growth of disorganized cells normally found in that area |
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Term
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Definition
| Nevus flammeus.A congenital subcutaneous venous malformation which results in dilation and reddening of the skin that will not blanch with pressure and follow dermatomes. May be related to Sturge Weber syndrome which may affect the face eyes or brain on the same side as the stain. |
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Term
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Definition
| A lobulated capillary hemangioma full of capillary and granular tissue that forms as a result of chronic inflammation or irritation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Slightly elevated creamy plaques on the eyelid that are an accumulation of lipid histocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| A soft firm and pinkish nodule that forms because of backup of hair cells that occur mostly in white females |
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Term
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Definition
| A lens opacity in the shape of a christmas tree that is often associated with Myotonic dystrophy |
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Term
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Definition
| a small soft nodule or large pedunculated flabby lesion that consists of a nerve sheath tumor |
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Term
| Diffuse plexiform neurofibroma |
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Definition
| A nerve sheath tumor that infilatrates surrounding structures |
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Term
| Nodular plexiform neurofibroma |
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Definition
| A nerve sheath tumor that feels like a bag of worms and looks like worms under the skin. May cause an S shaped ptosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Freckles. (due to overactive melanocytes) |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of melanocytosis (oculodermal) which causes a violet coloration to the sclera and uveal track and eyelid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tumor of the basal cells that are very common and rarely metastasize. Have a central ulceration with a pearly firm appearance, lack of lashes, and vessel growth |
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Term
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Definition
| A locally invasive and metastatic eyelid tumor of the squamous cells that often develop from actinic keratosis. May be scaly, red, varying in color (even to black) or have a cutaneous horn |
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Term
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Definition
| A tumor of sebaceous (glandular) cells. HIGHLY malignant and may be confused as recurrent chalazion or appear like chronic unilateral blepharitis (not a real thing). Also may show a lack of lashes or cause depigmentation of lashes or tylosis |
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Term
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Definition
| A lethal primary skin tumor. May be a plaque or nodule that is darkly colored with feed vessels and a degree of irregularity and elevation |
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Term
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Definition
| A rapidly growing and highly vascularized tumor (reddish purple) that occurs mostly in fair skinned people. Due to UV exposure or immune suppression. Can be deadly |
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Term
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Definition
| A soft tissue tumor that is violet in color and painless which is associated with HIV/AIDS and is very malignant |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A second row of lashes either due to metaplasia of meibomian glands (acquired) or complete developmental differentiation of meibomian glands into pilosebaceous units (congenital) which is associated with lymphadenopathy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lashes that hang or sag down, typically due to changes in lid position like facial palsy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excessive and disorganized lash growth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Loss of eyelashes (and occasionally eyebrows) due to actual pulling out of the lashes or other conditions and diseases |
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Term
|
Definition
| Absence of melanin in the eyelashes or eyebrows |
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Term
|
Definition
| Swelling/edema of the bulbar conjunctiva |
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Term
|
Definition
| Local inflammatory change on the conjunctiva that have a central vascular core. Often on superior palpebra conj. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lymph filled vessels in the conjunctiva. Often in the inferior fornix |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflamed and runny nose with inflamed conjunctiva. Either seasonal or perennial (all year long) |
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Term
| Atopic keratoconjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Conjunctivitis in a person predisposed to allergic reactions. May have a puffier and more edematous lid appearance, corneal and conjunctival scarring, featureless conjunctiva, neovascularization or pannus and other symptoms. NEED oral treatments. |
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Term
| irritant Contact dermatitis |
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Definition
| A contact allergy that is t-cell mediated in response to some irritant like soaps or fabric softner |
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Term
| Allergic contact dermatitis |
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Definition
| A contact allergic response (t-cell mediated) due to an allergen that occurs fast and is due to things like dust or dog dander |
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Term
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Definition
| A allergic contact t-cell mediated response due to allergens or irritants that make the body sensitive to UV radiation |
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Term
| Phyto-photo contact dermatitis |
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Definition
| A allergic contact t-cell mediated response due to allergens or irritants that are plants that make the body sensitive to UV radiation |
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Term
| Vernal keratoconjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Large cobblestone papillae and thick ropy mucus discharge that occurs in the spring in summer in young african american males unrelated to particular allergens. May have macro erosions and limbal papillae or follicles which resolve into white spots called Trantas dots. May also have pseudogerontoxon |
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Term
|
Definition
| An opaque band around the cornea that isnt arcus sinilis and is related to VKC |
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Term
| Giant papillary conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Papillae over 1 mm in size that form as a response to a foreign body or contact lens. Eyes will itch when the lenses are removed! |
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Term
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Definition
| Contagious skin infection that presents as sores or blisters on the face and hands usually in children. Strep versions are red bumps, staph versions are larger and clear bumps which progress to cloudy or crusty looking lesions. Can cause sepsis |
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Term
|
Definition
| St. Anthony's fire. A superficial strep skin infection that is well demarcated, red, and hot to the touch. May also be raised and shiny. |
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Term
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Definition
| A flesh eating bacterial infection with necrosis. Looks large black and angry. Most often happens post-surgically and is due to group a beta hemolytic streptococci usually. More common in the immunocompromised. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small highly contageous lesions caused by the pox viris that have umbilicated centers and are often grouped. May lead to follicular conjunctivitis if on the upper lid. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Infection or hypersensitivity (mostly staph or sebboreic related) of the lids and lashes anterior to the lash line. May be crusty or oily. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Infection or hypersensitivity (mostly staph or sebboreic related) of the lids and lashes posterior to the lash line (including meibomian glands). May be crusty or oily and have capped glands or a frothy appearance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Crab lice infection. May itch and present with blood tinged lid margin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Blepharitis related to the demodex mite which feeds on bacteria and causes immune response by its presence as well as its waste products. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A dematologic condition of the midface related to hypersensitive immune response that presents with redness and telangiectasia, papules, pustles, or rhinophyma. Can cause blepharitis, infiltrates, conjunctivitis, pannus, or dry eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Irritation and infection of the canthus (temporal, usually) typically caused by moraxella lacunata or s. aureus. The moraxella variety is wet and appears frothy. |
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