Term
| Why do things change? Why do people behave in certain ways? |
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Definition
| Requires social theory research these questions |
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Definition
| Influenced by Franz Boas. It is understanding the culture's particulars such as way of life, what the eat, how they dance and understand their religion. |
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Attacked leading archaeologists of cultural anthropology because of too much detail on artifacts and not any infrences on what occured.
provided a remedy--> the conjunctive approach. |
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Term
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Definition
| middles class academics changed the anthropology field. Revolution: Leslie White. |
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Definition
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Definition
Neo-revolution
Somatic/ extrasomatic adaption
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Term
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Definition
| organism changes biologically |
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Definition
| human adapts to environment with technology and culture |
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Definition
| Critique status quo, remedy, archaeology as anthropology |
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Definition
| Ecological Modeling (relationship b/n people and environment) |
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Term
| New Archaeology explanation for adaptation |
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Definition
| humans adapting to a changing environment. |
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Term
| Lasting elementsof the New Archaeology |
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Definition
Environment Reconstruction
Formation Processes
Ethnoarchaeology
Culture as a system |
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Term
Reactions to New Archaeology
(where we are today) |
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Definition
Post-precessual Archaeology- a period with many types of archaeology.
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Term
Sociology of Archaeology
The people and types of Arch. today |
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Definition
Haury- Creater of dep. (traditional Arch)
Longacre- new archaeology
Schiffer- father of formation processes
Skibo- confusion stage (post-processual Stage)
Beck- ethnoarchaeology with kalinga
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Term
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Definition
Ian Hodder. Highlights symbolism, ritual and religion
Lacks method |
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Definition
| No Objective reality. Science in general is politically motivated. Some truth but overstated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Baggage- comes with political agenda, but is a useful theory for archaeology. Change results from contridictions and conflicts. |
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Definition
| Involve understanding and the value religion can have on social order and change. |
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Definition
Adapted evolutionary Theory
robert dunnell
archaeological record equals fossilized part of human phenotype. Very scientific but leaves a lot out. |
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Term
| What happened to New Archaeology? |
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Definition
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Term
| Case study: The European Megaliths- megalithic culture |
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Definition
Stonehedge
Functionalist- calender.
Neo-Marx- Bigg ass calender, whos got slaves?
Symbolic: Represents kin groups or cultures. maybe religion. |
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Term
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Definition
Focuses on the relationship b/n people and things
All behavior requires artifacts.
Jeff Reid, Michael Schiffer, Bill Rathje
Use of formation processes and make new theories rather than build off of old ones. |
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Term
| Behavioral Archaeology Today |
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Definition
good compromise with all theories.
Theory for making the unknowable
Agency, practice, etc. |
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Term
| Pros and Cons of Repatriation |
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Definition
-curation
-aren't we all One People?
-Responsibilities for all antiquities
-Things stolen should be returned
-Where do we draw the line? |
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Term
Native American Grave Protection and Repatriation act
(NAGPRA) |
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Definition
Bury bones of dead indians if there is a cultural connection. Sacred remains given back.
Excavation of remains: not done often anymore
Contact tribes in area to let them know what is going on. |
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Term
Cultural Resource Management
(CRM Laws) |
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Definition
Federal Lands.
began in 1970s.
+These remains would have been thrown away.
+Hires Archaeologists.
-A business, like any business they have to make $.
-Archaeologist burn out on this business situation. |
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Term
What is the “skeptics question?”
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Definition
| Why spend tax dollars on archaeology instead of more important things? |
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Term
Why have archaeologists disagreed about what counts as “usefulness” in archaeology? |
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Definition
| they believe in their own section of archaeology and either defend the "science" or the "humanitarian" aspect. |
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Term
What is one thing that makes archaeology “culturally subversive in the 21st century?” |
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Definition
the willingness to stand against the powerful cultural tide of commercialism alone makes archaeology somewhat culturally subversive.
Also work to benefit more people and support in a more just and fair way. |
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Term
What is a “just third way?” |
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Definition
| meant to be a choice other than capitalism or socialism that will move humanity forward. |
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Term
What are some of the ways that Barbara Little suggests that archaeology might contribute to the
Global Justice Movement?
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Definition
| A view of the past and across time and it will become an argument for the future and not for the past as they provide evidence for the continuum, for survival against the odds and for hope. |
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Term
Why should archaeologists look at 20th century sites? |
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Definition
| to see long term looks at different social factors that influence poverty and living standards. those things can help add to new ideas for the future. |
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Term
What issues should archaeologist examine through a “deep history” to contribute to the Global Justice Movement? |
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Definition
| Economy and poverty as well as climate change. |
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