aristotle thought that the greeks were surperior to other races because they had more reasoning power

T or F

St. Thomas Aquinas thought that people should not mistreat animals, because to do so...

a. was to ignore the instructions of the Ten Commandments

b. was to pick up cruel habits and become cruel to human beings

c. was to ignore the teachings of St. Francis

d. was to perpetrate a property wrong against the owner of the animal

e. was to reduce overall happiness

f. two of the above

g. all of the above

h. none of the above

f. is correct answer

b. was to pick up cruel habits and become cruel to human beings

d. was to perpeterate a property wrong against the owner of the animal

Rene Descartes was a vivisectionist who is blamed for introducing the idea that animals are automata

T or F

Immanuel Kant made the following claim

a. animals are no different from human beings

b. animals have only intrinsic value

c. animals have only instrumental value

d. animals cannot reason

e. animals cannot engage in ethical debate

f. two of the above

g. three of the above

h. all of the above

i. none of the above

g. is correct

c. animals have only instrumental value

d. animals cannot reason

e. animals cannot engage in ethical debate

"if you wante to get in to the vet college, you ought to study for your MCATS" is an example of a categorical imperative

T or F

False

>hypothetical imperative desire

"you ought not to tell lies" is an example of a hypothetical imperative

T or F

False

>categorical imperative reason

David Hume agreed with Kants arguments and provided evidence to strengthen them

T or F

False

>Hume learnt through experience

>Kants only having instrumented

Jeremy Bentham introduced the idea that

a. animals have rationality and taht is what matters

b. animals have complex social relationships and that is what matters

c. animals can be happy and that is what matters

d. animals have language and that is what matters

e. animals can suffer and that is what matters

f. all of the above

g. none of the above

John Stuart Mill

a. created the philosophy of Painism

b. completed Kant's list of categorical imperatives

c. introduced a penal reform Bill in England

d. all of the above

e. two of the above

f. none of the above

f. none of the above

>he created the greatest happiness principle

with regard to farm animals, the main difference between Peter Singer and Ian Duncan is

a. they make different fatual but the same ethical claims regarding the use of animals

b. they make the same factual but different ethical claims regarding the use of animals

c. Singer believes in Divine command where as duncan is an extreme utilitarian

d. duncan believes in limited rights whereas singer is an extreme utilitarian

e. singer believes in species integrity whereas duncan is an extreme utilitarian

f. two of the above

g. none of the above

a. they make different factual but the same ethical claims regarding the use of animals

>peter singer is the 'father of animal rights', think farm animals suffer in life, utilitarian

>duncan doesn't think the above but is also utilitarian

with regard to farm animals, the main difference bw Peter Singer and Tom Regan is

a. singer believes in limited rights whereas regan is utilitarian

b. singer beielves in divine command whereas regan believes in animal rights

c. they make different factual claims but the same ethical claim regarding the use of animals

d. singer believes in species integrity whereas regan believes in limited animal rights

e. they make the same factual claim but different ethical claims regarding the use of animals

f. two of the above

g. none of the above

e. singer believes in species integrity whereas regan believes in limited animal rights

>singer is utilitarian

>regan is animal rights

critics of utilitarianism would say that the philosophy is flawed bc

a. although happiness may be maximised, justice may not be done

b. although happiness may be max, everyone may not be happy

c. although happiness may be max, this may conflict with religious freedom

d. although happiness may be max, people's fundamental rights may be infringed

e. two of teh above

f. all of the above

g. none of the above

e. two of the above

>a. although happiness may be max, justice may not be done

>d. although happiness may be max, people's fundamental rights may be infringed

a possilbe guiding philosophy for how to treat animals is divine command, which

a. is a prescriptive philosophy

b. has the problem of different gods giving diff commands

c. is of no relevance to non-believers

d. two of the above

e. all of the above

f. none of the above

the problem with virtue ethics is that diff virtues sometimes conflict

T or F

ethical egoism is a philosophy that prescribes...

a. acting altuistially

b. acting randomly

c. acting honourably

d. acting in the best interests of one's offspring

e. acting selfishly

f. none of the above

according to 'rights' theory, there can be exceptions to the rule of 'never harm' such as...

a. acting in self-defense if you are attacked

b. euthankizing terminally ill patients

c. killing farm animals to eat

d. punishing people who are guilty of crimes

e. two of the above

f. all of the above

g. none of the above

e. two of the above

>a. acting in self-defence if you are attacked

>punishing people who are guilty of crimes

the main difference bw Marian Dawkins and Don Broom with regard to what reduces welfare is

a. they do not differ in their beliefs

b. Dawkins believes it is stress, Broom believes it is suffering

c. dawkins believes it not coping, broom believes it is stress

d. dawkins believes it is suffering, broom believes it is stress

e. dawkins believes it is not coping, broom believes it is suffering

f. none of the above

d. dawkins beileves it is suffering, broom believes it is stress

>dawkins - suffering

>broom - coping

a friend of yours has a pet mouse and she loves it and takes care of it very well. Then her house is invaded by wild mice and she decides to put out some sticky boards to catch them. Her animal welfare is mainly...

a. divine command (it says in teh bible that animal plagues can be destroyed)

b. contractarian (her house will lose value if this mouse infestation is discovered)

c. utilitarian (she will be much happier if the infestation is gone)

d. animal rights (she has the right to rid of the infestation)

e. relational (she has a closer relationship to her own mouse than to the wild mice)

one of the problems with battery cages for laying hens is that hens get bored in the cages

T of F

FALSE

>they don't get bored, they get frustrated

using homology in animal welfare arguments is weak because all animals are completely different

T or F

the argument 'cows must suffer from being tied up by the neck in a stall for 20 h/day, bc think what it would be like for a human being' is an argument based on...

a. analogy

b. homology

c. anthropomorphism

approach-avoidance conflicts are not easily resolved because...

a. these tendencies drive the animal in the same direction

b. the strength of approach is always greater than that of avoidance

c. these tendencies drive the animal in opposite directions and a point of balance will be reached

d. one the animal starts to move towards the goal, that tendency becomes dominant

it is likely that hot-iron branding of cattle causes pain similar to that experienced by human beings when they recieve a severe burn, bc cattle and human beings have nociceptors, neural pathways and sensory pain areas in the brain that are derived from a common ancestor, is an argument based on...

a. analogy

b. homology

c. anthropomorphism

during transportation of hogs to slaughter, the main welfare problem is

a. the hogs are frightened by the strange envt

b. hogs are stressed socially by being crowded together with strangers

c. hogs are frightened by people shouting

d. all of the above

a pig farmer may be justified in docking piglets tails bc...

a. tail-docked hogs are worth more money

b. s/he can sell the tails for profit

c. the piglets will suffer less by having their tails docked than by having them left intact if there is an outbreak of tail-biting

d. tail-docking is a painless procedure

a pig farmer may be justified in castrating piglets bc...

a. castration will prevent boar taint as teh animals mature

b. castration of piglets is painless

c. castration will reduce fighting as the animals mature

d. two of the above

e. all of the above

d. two of the above

>a. castration will prevent boar taint as the animals mature

>c. castration will reduce fighting as the animals mature

the branch of psychology called 'behaviourism'...

a. moved animal welfare science forward by concentrating on behaviour

b. held animal welfare science back by concentrating on behaviour

c. moved animal welfare science forward by concentrating on feelings

d. held animal welfare back by concentrating on feelings

in 'the natural history of the chicken', a silky bantam called 'lisa' is described as being 'brave' when it defends its chicks. A more biologically sound explanation of the bantam's behaviour would be...

a. this bantam has high levels of testosterone

b. frustration has led to increased aggression

c. natural selection has favoured hens that defend their brood

d. all of the above

it is hard to justify eating foie gras in a restaurant bc...

a. the force-feeding methods used to produce it are likely painful

b. birds with pathologically large livers are likely to feel ill

c. birds with pathologically large livers are at risk of rupturing them

d. all of the above

beak trimming chickens is just like trimming your fingernails...

T or F

the main welfare problem with battery cages for laying hens is...

a. they promote the spread of infectious disease

b. they frustrate the hens by preventing nesting behaviour

c. they frustrate hens by preventing incubation behaviour

decapitation of lab rodents causes immediate death and so causes no welfare problems...

T or F

the problem with polar bear enclosures in zoos are...

a. they don't contain salt water

b. they are far too small

c. they cause fear in the bears by allowing visitors too close to them

in their chapter 'ethics', sandoe, crisp and holtug state that in order to uphold intellectual integrity we must be able to justify our moral views...

T or F

in his chapter 'the debate over utilitarianism', rachels describes act-utilitarianism (A-U) and rule-utilitarianism (R-U). Which of the following statements is true?

a. R-U is the primary philosophy developed by mills in which rules are followed

b. A-U is the primary philosophy developed by mills in which acts are followed

c. philosophers coming after mills developed R-U as a refinement of A-U to cover some of the short-comings of A-U

d. two of the above

e. none of the above

d. two of the above

>b. A-U is the primary philosophy developed by mills in which acts are followed

>c. philosophers coming after mills developed R-U as a refinement of A-U to cover some of the short-comings of A-U

in their chapter 'understanding animal welfare', duncan and fraser state that different concepts of animal welfare used by scientists reflect different value positions on what constitutes a good quality of life for animals...

T or F

in his paper 'animal welfare defined in terms of feelings', duncan argues that an animal's feelings will usually be closely related to its needs. However, in the case of domesticated animals this might not be true bc...

a. domesticated animals whave all their needs met and so their feelings are superfluous

b. domesticated animals are slaughtered before their feelings emerge

c. domestication has bred out any feelings that the ancestors of these animals had

d. natural selection has been replaced with artificial

e. none of the above

in their chapter 'behavioural restriction', petherick and rushen place a great emphasis on whether behaviour is internally or externally motivated. Dust-bathing in poultry presents an interesting example in which...

a. motivation is driven entirely by internal factors

b. motivation is driven by a combination of internal and external factors

c. motivation is driven entirely by external factors

d. motivation fluctuates diurnally

e. two of the above

f. none of the above

e. two of the above

>b. motivation is driven by a combination of internal and external factors

>d. motivation fluctuates diurnally

in his paper 'animal breeding and animal welfare' duncan describes experiments in which lame broilers were shown to be capable of...

a. hoping on one leg bw feeder and resting location

b. flying rather than walking bw feeder and resting location

c. self-medicating with pain-killers if these are provided

d. roosting on the feeder so they can feed and rest at the same time

e. all of the above

aristotle promoted the idea...

a. of the teleological argument

b. that greeks are surperior to other races because they have more reasoning power

c. that men are surperior to women because they have more reasoning power

d. that animals have no moral standing bc they cannot reason

e. two of the above

f. all of the above

e. two of the above

>b. that greeks are surperior to other races bc they have more reasoning power

>d. that animals have no moral standing bc they cannot reason

st. thomas aquinas thought that people should not mistreat animals, bc to do so...

a. was to commit immortal sin

b. was to ignore the ten commandments

c. was to ignore the teachings of st. francis

d. was to perpetrate a property wrong against the owner of the animal

e. was to reduce overall happiness

immanuel kant made the following claim...

a. animals are no different from human beings

b. animals have only intrinsic value

c. animals have only instrumental value

d. animals cannot reason

e. animals cannot engage in ethical debate

f. two of the above

g. three of the above

g. three of the above

>c. animals have only instrumental value

>d. animals cannot reason

>e. animals cannot engage in ethical debate

'if you want to be a good piano plaer, you ought to practice every day' is an example of a categorical imperative....

T or F

FALSE

>hypothetical imperative

'you ought to pull your weight in your seminar group' is an example of hypothetical imperative...

T or F

FALSE

> categorical imperative

critics of utilitarianism would say that the philosophy is flawed bc...

a. although happiness may be maximised, justice may not be done

b. although happiness may be maximised, everyone may not be happy

c. although happiness may be maximised, this may conflict with religious freedom

d. although happiness may be maximised, some in society may be sad

e. although happiness may be maximised, this may conflict with freedom of speech

f. two of the above

g. none of the above

a. although happiness may be maximized, justice may not be done

>also, although happiness may be maximised people's fundamental rights may be infringed

the main difference bw peter singer and ian duncan is

a. singer is an animal rightist whereas duncan is a utilitarian

b. duncan is an animal rightist where as singer is a utilitarian

c. singer is a complete rightist whereas duncan is a limited rightist

d. both are animal rightists but disagree over the facts of animal productions

e. none of the above

a. singer is an animal rightist where as duncan is a utilitarian

>singer is the 'father of animal rights', thinks that farm animals suffer in life, he is also utilitarian

>duncan is a utilitarian and doesn't believe that farm animals suffer

approach-avoidance conflicts are not easily resolved bc...

if a multiparous sow is put in a farrowing crate two days before she is due to farrow, the main welfare problem will be...

a. the sow will be in pain bc she is lying on a hard surface

b. the sow will be frustrated bc she cannot perform nesting behaviour

c. the sow will be frightened bc she is in a novel situation

d. the sow will be lonely bc she cannot communicate with her mates