Term
| What are the 8 most often debated issuses? |
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Definition
1. Farm structure
2. Animal Ethics and Research Ethics
3. Food Safety and Food Security
4. Environmental impacts
5. International Trade
6. Agricultural Biotechnology (GMO)
7. Public trust in Science
8. Institutionalizing Agricultual Ethics |
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Term
| Major segments of food system and stakeholders. |
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Definition
Segments: Farming, Resource management, food processing, distribution and trade, and consumption
Stakeholders: Animals, Farmers, Producers, Veterinarians.
Also: You, family, society, restaurants, grocery stores |
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Term
The human manipulation of desirable traits.
Wild Corn vs. Sofisticated Corn
:) |
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Definition
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Term
Agriculture has long been the focus of questions about ___, ___, ___, and ___.
Why have they been more of a focus more recently? |
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Definition
values, priorities, practices, and policies
Intensification of animal production
Public attention and concern for animal welfare |
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Term
What does Ethics refer to?
(simply) |
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Definition
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Term
What makes action right or wrong?
(ethically speaking) |
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Definition
Law (legal v. illegal)
Customs or culture (torture)
Religion (killing cattle) |
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Term
Ethics can also be based on __.
(descriptive diciplines) |
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Definition
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Term
| Some ___ questions can be answered without ___, BUT few ___ questions can be resolved without accurate ___ information. |
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Definition
scientific, ethics
ethical, scientific |
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Term
| Ethical arguments often center on ___. |
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Definition
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Term
Rights Vs. Utilitarian Vs. Virtue
if ACTION harms or will cause harm against will = action unethical |
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Definition
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Term
Rights Vs. Utilitarian Vs. Virtue
must act in accordance with set of ideals or character traits |
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Definition
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Term
Rights Vs. Utilitarian Vs. Virtue
right or wrong determined by taking into account all consequences |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the average American, farmers don't care about there animals, the care about ___. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Welfare = Rights |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
Welfare ≠ Behavior |
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Definition
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Term
True or False
There are collidipng views between agriculturists and activists. |
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Definition
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Term
Treat animals as commodities
and
Want to raise animals effeciently |
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Definition
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Term
Treat animals as humans
and
Do not challenge meat consumption, but production practices |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ ___ wrote the book Animal Machines (1964). |
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Definition
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Term
| Ruth Harrison coined what term? |
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Definition
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Term
| What issues did Ruth Harrison derive in 1964? |
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Definition
| factory farming, antibiotics, growth stimulants, and hormones |
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Term
| What is the goal of agricultural ethics? |
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Definition
| To discover or develop clear, non-contradictory, comprehensive, and universal standards for judging right and wrong actions or policies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Do whatever we please to animals--"value only as means to humans ends" |
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Term
| Animal Welfarist outlook. |
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Definition
| animals are sentient and we are their stewards |
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Term
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Definition
| demands balance of humans' and animals' benefits and harms |
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Term
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Definition
| moral rights and no justifiable "means to an end" = "aminal agriculture harms animals or their interest, hence animal agriculture must outright be rejected" |
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Term
| Animal Welfare is a multi-faceted issue. What does that mean? |
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Definition
| We cannot use one fact. We must use a multi-faceted approach. (Science, Ethics, Economics, and Political) |
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Term
True or False
Getting rid of sow gestation stalls may ingcrease agression in the pigs. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does welfare do or do not do in comparison to rights? |
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Definition
-welfare doesn't recognize higher moral status
-welfare does recognize animals are sentient (feel pain)
-improve animal care/treatment humane by reducing unnecessary suffering
-adopt freedomes |
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Term
| The "5 freedoms" were used by Ruth Harrison. What do they consist of? |
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Definition
| hunger, thirst, distress, fear, etc. |
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Term
True or False
Typically, the consumer's values are different than the farmer's values. |
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Definition
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Term
| What values are supported with science? |
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Definition
-improvements and advances in technology
-keep animals comfortable
-protect amimmals from diesase and predators
-provide for animals needs (food) |
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Term
| What values are supported by economics? |
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Definition
-treating animals properly and providing best care
-safe, wholesome, and affordable food |
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Term
True or False
Support with economics should always be put before support with science. |
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Definition
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Term
| Farmers should morally and ethically provide for ___ needs and ___ needs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Farmer's have the obligation to minimize unnecessary ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Activists are focused on "__ __ ___". |
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Definition
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Term
| Ethical and Sociaetical values must be ___ when it comes to Animal Welfare Principles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Science is based on wants and deeds of the ___, not __! |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three modified stall systems? |
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Definition
turn-around stall
Flex stall
Free-access combo |
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Term
| Does giving a sow the ability to turn-around improve well-being? |
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Definition
| No, based on multiple measures of well-being. |
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Term
| Does giving a sow more space in crate improve well-being? |
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Definition
Yes, based on some welfare measures.
(less stress) |
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Term
| Does increase in stall space affect wellbeing? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does keeping sows in group-pens improve well-being? |
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Definition
| Yes and No, Stalls still best well-being |
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