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ANS
ANS, cholinergic, anticholinergic, sympathomimetics etc
119
Pharmacology
Graduate
09/03/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Location of M receptors
Definition
PNS end organs, sweat glands are SNS cholinergic, nucleus basalis of meynert
Term
M receptor types
Definition
5 types
M2, M3 are most common
drugs are not specific
Term
Adrenergic receptors
Definition
Alpha1, 2. Beta 1,2. M
Term
Locations of A1
Definition
Most BV, Urinary sphincter, pupil, pilomotor muscles
Muscle Contraction and vessel constriction
Term
Location of A2
Definition
Adrenergic nerve endings in CNS, salivary glands, BV of skin, mucosa, saliva, and splanchnic
Term
Location of B1
Definition
Heart, kidney, brain, adipose tissue
Term
Location of B2
Definition
Eye (inc Aq humor), glands, heart, BV (dilation), Airway (dilation), bladder, liver
Term
M agonists
Definition
Ach, Carbachol, Methancholine, Bethanechol, Pilocarpine
Term
what structure do all M agonists have in common
Definition
C-N-(CH3)3
Term
Reason for variability in M agonist structure
Definition
inhibit breakdown by cholinesterase
Term
M agonist contraindications
Definition
Asthma, bradycardia, HTN, CAD, peptic ulcer, Hyperthyroidism, weakened smooth muscle of bladder or GI (post sx for intestinal anastamoses), urinary or intestinal obstruction
Term
Ach- Name
Definition
Miochol-E
Term
Ach- Use
Definition
Tx glaucoma, but not used much
Term
what happens when Ach give a systemically
Definition
Rapid hydrolysis by Pseudocholinesterase
Term
Carbachol- Name
Definition
Isopto Carbachol
Term
Carbachol- what does it stimulate
Definition
M and N receptors
Term
Carbachol- uses
Definition
Topical tx for glaucoma
Term
Methacoline- Name
Definition
Provocholine
Term
Methacholine- what receptors does it stimulate
Definition
M>>N
Term
Methacholine- uses
Definition
pulmonary function tests for asthma
Term
Bethanechol- Name
Definition
Urecholine
Term
Bethanechol- Recetpros activity
Definition
M>>>N
Term
Bethanechol- Uses
Definition
stim GI motility, stop urinary retention
Term
Pilocarpine- Name
Definition
Salagine, Ocusert Pilo
Term
Pilocarpine- uses
Definition
Glaucoma, Xerostomia
Term
Cholinesterase inhibitors- Reversible
Definition
Endrophonium
Physostigmine
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Rivastigmine
Donepezil
Carbamae Insectecides
Term
Cholinesterase inhibitors- Irreversible
Definition
Prathion- Oragophosphate insecticide
Sarin, and other nerve gasses
Term
Cholinesterase inhibitor OD symptoms
Definition
SLUDGE
skeletal muscle- fasiculations --> paralysis
Bradycardia, hypotension, shock, severe miosis
CNS stim & seizure --> Coma
Chronic exposure --> demylenation
Term
Tx for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
Definition
Atropine- 2-4 mg IV, every 10 min until symptoms alleviate
Paridoxime- w/in 2 hours, only works for organophosphates
Symptomatic tx
Term
Edrophonium- Name
Definition
Tensilon
Term
Endrophonium- Uses
Definition
Tensiolon test for MG
Very short acting
Term
Neostigmine- Name
Definition
Prostigmine
Term
Neostigmine- Uses
Definition
Tx MG
Term
Pyridostigmine- Name
Definition
Mestion
Term
Pyridostimine- uses
Definition
Tx MG, prexposure antidotal tx for nerve gases in chemical warfare
Term
Edrophonium-cross BBB?
Definition
No, it is quaternary
Term
Neostigmine- can it cross BBB
Definition
No, it is quaternary
Term
Pyridostigmine- Can it cross BBB
Definition
No- quaternary
Term
Physostigmine, Eserine-can it cross BBB
Definition
Yes, Non quaternary
Term
Physostigmine, Eserine- Uses
Definition
Tx atropine or other anti M poisoning. used to be used for tricyclic poisoning or with antidepressants
Term
Eserine- Name
Definition
Antrilirium
Term
Organophosphate insecticides-
Definition
Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon
Term
Organophosphate insecticide- MOA
Definition
Parathion, and Malathione are activated to paroxone and malaoxone. This occurs more rapidly in insects, and insects can't detoxify
Term
Can Parathion be absorbed through the skin?
Definition
Yes
Term
Signs and Symptoms of Organophosphate insecticide poisoning
Definition
signs of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
Term
Tx for oragonphosphate insecticide poisoning
Definition
Atropine
Pralidoxime
Symptomatic support
Term
Carbamate Insecticides- Ex
Definition
Carbaryl
Term
Can carbamate insecticides be absorbed through the skin?
Definition
No
Term
Carbamate insecticide poisoning- signs and symptoms
Definition
like other cholinesterase inhibitor
Term
Carbamate insecticides poisoning tx
Definition
Atropine
Pralidoxime wont work
Term
DFP/ Isoflurophate- Nerve gas- MOA
Definition
irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor
Term
DFP/ Isoflurophate- Nerve gas- Name
Definition
Sarin
Term
DFP/ Isoflurophate- Nerve gas- poisoning Signs and symptoms
Definition
like any other cholinesterase inhibitor
Term
DFP/ Isoflurophate- Nerve gas- poisoning Tx
Definition
Atropine
Pralidoxime
symptomatic
Term
DFP and Isoflurophate- uses
Definition
Glaucoma
Term
Pralidoxime/ 2PAM- Name
Definition
Protropam
Term
Pralidoxime/ 2PAM- function
Definition
Cholinesterase reactivator
Term
Pralidoxime/ 2PAM- MOA
Definition
binds to Pi group that is inhibiting the cholinesterase and reactivates it
Term
Pralidoxime/ 2PAM- uses
Definition
Organophosphate poisoning, use with in 2 hours
Doesn't work with carbamate insecticides
Term
SIldenafil- Name
Definition
Viagra
Term
Vardenafil- Name
Definition
Levitra
Term
Tadalafil- Name
Definition
Cialis
Term
PDE-5 inhibitors
Definition
Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil
Term
Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil- MOA
Definition
[image]
Term
PDE-5 inhibitors- AE
Definition
visual disturbances, auditory disturbances, systemic vasodilation --> reflexive inc in HR
Term
PDE5 inhibitor- CI
Definition
CV conditions
Term
Vardenafil, Sildenafil- peak concentration
Definition
1 hr
Term
Tadalafil- duration
Definition
36 hrs
Term
PDE5 inhibitors-metabolism
Definition
CYP3A4
Term
PDE 5 inhibitor- drug interactions
Definition
ketoconazole, erythromycin, cimetidine, nitrates, Ca channel blockers, alpha1 blockers, sympathomimetics (cocaine, amphetamines)
Term
PDE-5 inhibitor- does adjustments
Definition
renal or hepatic disease
Term
Botolinum Toxin- MOA
Definition
inhibits presynaptic Ach release.
ANS- anticholinergic effects
NMJ- paralysis
Term
Botlinum toxin- poisoning
Definition
diaphragmatic paralysis
Term
Botlinium- Tx
Definition
symptomatic support, esp pulmonary, Ig for toxin
Term
Botulinum toxin, medicinal uses
Definition
BOTOX
opthamologic use as NMJ blocker
cosmetic
Term
M antagonists
Definition
Atropine, scopolamine, dicylomine, propantheline, glycopyrrolate, Ipratroprium, Tiatroprium, Benzotropine, Trihexyphenidyl, Troltrodine, Oxybutynin, Solifenacin, Tripicamide
Term
M anatagonists- Adverse events
Definition
Dry mouth, hot skin, constipation, urine retention, visual disturbances, blurred vision, photophobia, sedation, confusion, amnesia in elderly pations
Term
M antagonists- CI
Definition
glaucoma- esp narrow angle
Prostatic hypertrophy
CV instability
Sever Ulcerative colitis
Term
M antagonists- Acute poisoning- symptoms
Definition
major problem b/c drugs are widely used
anticholinergic toxidrome
Dry hot skin
hyperthermia
severe mydriasis
blurred vision
photophobia
CNS stim- agitation, hallucinations, seizures --> Coma --> death
Cessation of GI mobility
weak, tachy pulse + arrythmia
Term
M antagonist poisoning- Tx
Definition
Physostigmine- cholinesterase inhibitors
benzodiazepines for seizures
Ice baths to reduce hyperthermia
dark, quite area to reduce agitation and photophobia
Term
what else causes anticholinergic toxidrome
Definition
anti histamines
anti psychotics
anti depressants
Term
Atropine & Homotropine- what plant
Definition
night shade (atropine)
Term
Atropine vs Homotropine
Definition
Homotropine is conj to a methylbromide so cant enter CNS
Term
Atropine is the
Definition
prototypical M antagonist
Term
Atropine- Name
Definition
hyoscyamine
Term
Scopolamine- Name
Definition
Hyoscine
Term
Scopolomine vs Methscopolamine
Definition
Methscopoloamine is quaternary
Term
Scopolamine and methschopolamine- uses
Definition
similar to atropine but more of a CNS depressent used to tx Sedation and Amnesia
Oral and Patch (transderm Scop)- prevent motion sickness and vertigo
Term
Dicylomine- Name
Definition
Bentyl
Term
Dicyclomine- Class
Definition
M antagonist
Term
Dicyclomine- Quaternary?
Definition
No
Term
Dicyclomine- use
Definition
Intestinal antispasmodic to tx IBS
Term
Propantheline-Name
Definition
Pro Banthine
Term
Propantheline- class
Definition
quaternary M antagonist
Term
Propantheline- Use
Definition
GI antispasmodic in IBS
Term
Glycopyrrolate- Name
Definition
Robinul
Term
Glycopyrrolate- class
Definition
quaternary M antagonist
Term
Glycopyrrolate- uses
Definition
antesthesiology- preop med to dec respiratory secretions and inhibit vagal reflexes
widely used as general M antagonist
Term
Ipratropium & Tiatropium- Names
Definition
Atrovent & Spiriva
Term
Ipratropium & Tiaropium- class
Definition
quaternary M antagonists
Term
Ipratroprium & Tiaropium- Uses
Definition
Tx asthma and COPD
Term
Ipratropium and Tiatropium- AE
Definition
few systemic effects
Term
Ipratropium VS Tiatropium-
Definition
Tiatropium has longer duration
Term
Benztropine & Trihexyphenidyl- Name
Definition
Cogentin & Artane
Term
Benztropine & Trihexyphenidyl- Class
Definition
centrally acting M antagonists
Term
Benztropine & Trihyexyphenidyl- Uses
Definition
Tx PD & drug induced PD
anti dopaminergics, Anti Psychotics, Antinemics
Term
Tolteradine, Oxybutyniin, Solifenacin- Names
Definition
Detrol, Ditropan, VESIcare
Term
Tolterodine, Oxybutynin, Solifenacin- class
Definition
M antagonists
Term
Tolterodine, Oxybutynin, and Solifenacin- Uses
Definition
Tx urinary incontinence from an over active bladder
Term
Tropicamide- name
Definition
Midriacyl
Term
Torpicamide- class
Definition
M antagonist
Term
Tropicamide- use
Definition
Midriacis during opthalomogic exam
Term
NMJ blockers- - competitive
Definition
Pancurion= Pavulon
Term
NMJ blockers- depolarizing agents- Name
Definition
Succinylcholine- Anectine
Term
NMJ blockers- MOA
Definition
cholinesterase inhibitor either competitive or depolarizing causes relaxation or paralysis of skeletal muscle
Term
NMJ blocking drugs- competitive- axn
Definition
produce Muscle relaxation
Term
NMJ blocker- competitve- tx
Definition
pyridostigmine, neostigmine- cholinesterase inhibitors
Term
NMJ blocker- depolarizing- axn
Definition
Initialy stims receptor to cause weak contractions (fasiculations) --> relaxation --> paralysis
Term
NMJ blockers- depolarizing- effect of cholinesterase inhibitors
Definition
None
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