Term
|
Definition
muscarinic agonist
urinary retention/constipation post op
*COPD, asthma, hyperthyroidism* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscarinic agonist
open angle glaucoma by contracting ciliary muscles and dry mouth of Sjogren's Syndrome
sweating |
|
|
Term
| Neostigmine (Prostigmin) & Pyridostigmin (Mestinon) |
|
Definition
AChE I
MG (atony of bladder and abd distention)
*use with caution in asthma pts* |
|
|
Term
| Tacrine (Cognex) & Donepezil (Aricept) |
|
Definition
AChE I
mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease
Tacrine qid with LFT
Aricept once daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscarinic antagonist
prevent bradycardia pre anesthesia
urinary retention, constipation and tachycardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscarinic antagonist
COPD and rhinitis
*asthma due to drying out and increased risk of mucous plug* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscarinic antagonist
OAB/ urinary incontinence
decreased gland secretion and GI motility, mydriasis, tachy, sedation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- all alpha and beta
prophylactic allergic reaction and prolong anesthetic
monitor heart rhythm to assess *arrythmias* |
|
|
Term
| NE (Levarterenol or Levophed) |
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- alpha and beta 1
hypotension
give phentolamine if extravasation causes necrosis and sloughing off of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- beta 1
hypotension, cardiogenic and bacteremic shock
tachycardia, dysrhythmias, and anginal pain |
|
|
Term
| Amphetamine and D- amphetamine |
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- indirect NE release
ADHD and narcolepsy |
|
|
Term
| Ephedrine (pseudophedrine) |
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- all alpha and beta
shock, asthma and decongestion
HTN, dysrhythmias, angina, hyperglycemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- beta 1 and 2
bronchodilation, increase HR in heart block, pulmonary HTN, cardiac arrest
palpitations, tachycardia, and H/A |
|
|
Term
| Methylphenidate (Ritalin) |
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- direct alpha and beta and indirect NE release
ADHD and narcolepsy
decreased appetitie, insomnia, and emotional lability |
|
|
Term
| Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) |
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- alpha 1
increase BP post op, mydriatic, nasal decongestant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
muscarinic antagonist
motion-induced sickness, preanesthetic sedation
more sedative than atropine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- beta 2
asthma, COPD, bronchitis, emphysema
*DM, elderly, hyperthyroidsim, seizure disorders* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist
noncatecholamine
asthma, preterm labor at low dose
tremor and tachycardia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- beta 2
long lasting and prevention for asthma
down regulation of receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- alpha 2
aid diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, HTN
drowsiness, drymouth, rebound HTN if stopped abruptly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adrenergic agonist- alpha 2 receptors
HTN in pregnancy- Category B
positive Coombs test, sedation, hepatic dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alpha antagonist- alpha 1 and 2
acute HTN emergency or when sympathomimetic administered extravascularly
orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, abd pain |
|
|
Term
| Prazosin (Minipress),Terazosin (Hytrin), & Doxazosin (Carduara) |
|
Definition
alpha antagonists- alpha 1A and B
HTN (Hytrine & Cardura for BPH)
orthostatic hypotension, syncope |
|
|
Term
| Finasteride (Proscar) & Dutasteride (Avodart) |
|
Definition
androgen hormone inhibitors
block DHT activity to prevent growth of prostate cells
BPH and prevent obstruction of urethra
Pregnancy Category X |
|
|
Term
| Sildenafil (Viagra), Vardenafil (Cialis), & Tadalafil (Levitra) |
|
Definition
alpha antagonist by inhibiting PDE-5 to allow cGMP smooth muscle relaxation
ED or pulmonary HTN (viagra)
*nitrates or alpha 1 antagonists* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
beta antagonists- nonselective
HTN, supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, migraine H/A prophylaxis
*Diabetics- hypoglycemia* |
|
|
Term
| Timolol (Timoptic Blocadren) |
|
Definition
beta antagonist- nonselective
glaucoma, migraine H/A prophylaxis, HTN |
|
|
Term
| Metoprolol (Lopressor; Toprol XL) |
|
Definition
beta antagonist- beta 1
HTN, angina, acute MI, CHF
preferable for DM and PVD
*do not stop abruptly* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
beta antagonist- beta 1
HTN, angina, acute MI
*rebound cardiac HTN* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
beta antagonist- beta 1
intubation induced BP or HR
used in ER |
|
|
Term
| Labetalol (Normodyne; Trandate) |
|
Definition
beta antagonist- nonselective beta 1 and selective alpha 1
HTN emergencies - decrease CO and PVR
orthosstatic hypotension
* overt cardiac failure, > first AV block, asthma, bradycardia*
high first pass effect- cimetidine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
beta antagonist- nonselective beta 1 and selective alpha 1
HTN, cardiomyopathic ischemia
orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth
*significant hepatic dysfunction and asthma*
high first pass effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
patch absorbed through skin
smoking cessation
*pregancy category D* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gum to be chewed and absorbed sublingual
smoking cessation
jaw muscle aches, GI distress, hiccough
*pregnancy category X* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nasal spray or inhaler
smoking cessation
hand-to-mouth ritual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increase dopamine, serotonin and NE to decrease craving
smoking cessation
insomnia, dry mouth, agitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
partial agonist binds alpha 4 beta 2 receptors and blocks nicotine w/ mild stimulatory effect
smoking cessation
nausea, increased suicidal ideation, depression, hostility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NMJ blocker- nondepolarizing
anesthetic muscle relaxatant, intubation, ECT, tetanus treatment
*assess for apnea* |
|
|
Term
| Succinylcholine (Anectine) |
|
Definition
NMJ blocker- depolarizing agent
cannot be reversed by increased ACh concentration
intubation, ECT, tetanus treatment
*major burn victims due to hyperkalemia* |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NMDA antagonist
Alzheimer's disease
Combo with donepezil for best results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
synthetic catecholamine with relative selective beta 1 agonist effects
cardiac failure inf HR and PVF elevated
*arrythmias* |
|
|
Term
| Midodrine HCL (ProAmatine) |
|
Definition
prodrug that forms an alpha agonist
treatment of orthostatic hypotension
antivertigo agent |
|
|
Term
| Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline) |
|
Definition
adrenergic antagonist- alpha 1 and 2
pheochromocytoma, Raynaud's, scleroderma, hyperreflexia
blocks alpha 1 most |
|
|
Term
| Tamsulosin (Flomax), Alfuzosin (Uroxatral) & Silodosin (Rapaflo) |
|
Definition
Adrenergic antagonist -prostatic alpha 1A
relaxes smooth muscles in bladder neck and prostate for BPH
first dose effect |
|
|
