Term
|
Definition
Beta-‐Lactams
• Polymixins
• Vancomycin |
|
|
Term
| Protein Synthesis 30S Ribosomal Inhibitors |
|
Definition
• Tetracyclines
• Streptomycin |
|
|
Term
| Protein Synthesis 50S Ribosomal Inhibitors |
|
Definition
• Macrolides
(erythromycin,
azithromycin)
• Chloramphenicol
• Oxazolidinones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
serves as a conduit for introducing 1 carbon during molecular processing
Humans can't make folic acid, bacteria can't use what it hasn't made. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Daraprim)
first dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
Primarily used as antimalarial
Resistance from mutation to dihydrofolate reductase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(TRI or TMP)[proloprim, triprim)
Most commonly used dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor
F = 1
T1/2 10hr
50% protein bound
DDI: dofertilide (antiarrhythmia)
Most DDI;s due to MOA
Can't be used with other dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, but can be used with sulfa drugs
DO NOT TAKE WITH METHOTREXATE!!!! |
|
|
Term
| Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole |
|
Definition
(co-‐trimoxazole)[Septra, Bactrim)
dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor/Sulfa
Used for treatment of respiratory infections like PNA
Typical Sulfa ADRs but less due to small dose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Noroxin)
Father of fluoroquinolone
100x affinity to bacterial DNA gyrase (topoII) and Topo IV than mammalian cells
approved for genitourinary infections
Not really bioavailible
not protein bound
T1/2 3-4hr
Inhibits 3A4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Quinodis)
Gold standard
Long T1/2 (12hrs)
Phototoxicity
Not used in US, but largly used in china for UTI and gonorrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Cipro)
One of most prescribed in US and world
Broad spectrun (+ and -)
Anthrax
F = 0.6
40% plasma binding
Inhibits 3A4 and 1A2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Levaquin)
2nd behind cipro
difficult to make (chiral center)
1st line for PNA and bacterial prostatitis
F=1
better than cipro
no cyp inhibition
blocks efflux pumps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| potential tendoni,s/tendon damage and for exacerbation of myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
| RNA polymerase inhibitors |
|
Definition
Natural product
treatment of TB
Component of Rifater (w/ isoniazid and pyrazinamide, which inhibits bacterial peroxidase and fatty acid synthase and allow synergy) |
|
|
