Term
| Hormones are produced by the ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| initiates follicular growth |
|
|
Term
| LH acts with ____ in order to ______ |
|
Definition
FSH
cause ovulation and corpus luteum formation |
|
|
Term
| Where do FSH and LH come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| follicle stimulating hormone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the hormone prolactin do? |
|
Definition
Maintains the functioning of the corpus luteum.
Stimulates formation of milk |
|
|
Term
| where does prolactin come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stimulates contractions.
Initiates let-down of milk into ducts. |
|
|
Term
| where does oxytocin come from? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does estrogen come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Besides sex traits, what does estrogen do? |
|
Definition
Induces heat.
Stimulates development of the mammary ducts |
|
|
Term
| Where does progesterone come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does progesterone come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does progesterone inhibit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does progesterone do to the uterus? |
|
Definition
| prepares it for implantation |
|
|
Term
| What does progesterone do besides inhibit release of FSH and LH and prepare the uterus for implantation? |
|
Definition
Maintains pregnancy.
Develops the mammary alveolar system |
|
|
Term
| Where does the hormone Relaxin come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relaxes the pubic bone and cervix during birthing |
|
|
Term
| Where does androgen come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for androgen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does androgen do, besides stimulate the growth of secondary sex traits? |
|
Definition
Stimulates sexual desire.
|
|
|
Term
| What does GnRH stand for? |
|
Definition
| Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone |
|
|
Term
| where does gonadotrophin releasing hormone come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does gonadotrophin releasing hormone do? |
|
Definition
| causes the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary |
|
|
Term
| Where does the hormone prostaglandin come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the hormone prostaglandin do? |
|
Definition
| causes regression of the corpus luteum |
|
|
Term
| What are the six critical periods in the reproductive cycle? |
|
Definition
| Estrus, ovulation, implantation, 3rd trimester, birth, first 3 days after birth. |
|
|
Term
| How many lambs/kids per ewe per year should be the goal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many litters per year per swine do we want? and how many piglets per farrowing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many eggs do we want our hens to be laying annually, per hen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the opening to the great outdoors from the vagina in birds called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the estrOUS cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if an animal can get pregnant year round, it is _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if an animal can only get pregnant e.g. in the spring, it is ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are sows seasonally polyestrous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are cows seasonally polyestrous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are horses seasonally polyestrous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are ewes seasonally polyestrous? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many days are cows in cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is a cow's heat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should you mate a cow? |
|
Definition
| 4-8hrs before end of estrus |
|
|
Term
| how many days is a horse's cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is a horse in heat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does a horse ovulate? |
|
Definition
| 24-48hrs prior to end of estrus |
|
|
Term
| when should you mate a horse (re: cycle) |
|
Definition
| alternate days during estrus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If there is swelling in the testes, it is likely _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if testes have not dropped, the male is a _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the swim cap on a sperm called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is a sperm head that is pear-shaped normal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
is a sperm head that is round normal?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are 3 parts of a sperm, the head, midpiece, and tail. What could be abnormal in the midpeice? |
|
Definition
| a double, swollen, off center, bent, kinked |
|
|
Term
| What could be wrong with the tail of a sperm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do sperm start out in the male? |
|
Definition
| in the seminiferous tubules |
|
|
Term
| where do sperm go after the the seminiferous tubules? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do sperm go after the testes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do sperm go after the epididymis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do sperm go after the vas deferens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is semen composed of? (simple two part answer) |
|
Definition
sperm cells.
seminal fluid. |
|
|
Term
| where does the seminal "accessory gland" fluids come from? |
|
Definition
| ampulla, seminal vesicles, prostate, cowper's gland |
|
|
Term
| What do the accessory gland fluids add? |
|
Definition
| ejaculate volume, nutrients, electrolytes. |
|
|
Term
What do the accessory gland fluids enhance?
|
|
Definition
| sperm survival and sperm movement |
|
|
Term
| list 3 compounds in accessory gland fluid |
|
Definition
| sodium chloride, potassium chloride, nitrogen, fructose |
|
|
Term
| how much does a bull ejaculate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much does a horse ejaculate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two animals listed bypass the vagina and deposit semen right into the cervix and uterus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the first step in implantation? |
|
Definition
| FERTILIZED ovum moves down the fallopian tube to the uterus |
|
|
Term
| what is the second step of implantation? |
|
Definition
| the zygote survives on yolk or uterine milk (secretions) |
|
|
Term
| what is the third (and official "implantation") step in implantation? |
|
Definition
| the maternal membrane and the fetal membrane make contact |
|
|
Term
| what's another name for implantation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| list 3 types of abnormal implantations |
|
Definition
| ovarian, tubal, abdominal |
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the innermost membrane surrounding the embryo/fetus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the outermost layer of fetal membranes that make contact with the uterine tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ruminants are ____type of chorionic attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sow and mare have a ____type of chorionic attachment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cotyledonary contact are made at certain uterine points called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chorionic attachments are made over most of the _____with the uterus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sows and mares don't have amniotic fluid. They have ___ that _____. |
|
Definition
allantonic fluid,
accumulates fetus waste |
|
|
Term
| ____is formed by the fusion of the chorion and the uterine mucosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what hormone does the placenta of a mare secrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After how many days of fertilization does a heart begin to beat in a calf embryo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After how many days from fertilization is a calf born? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| I believe it is the combo of a cotyledon attached to a caruncle |
|
|
Term
| how many U.S dairy cattle are bred via AI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AI results in a more ____ genetic improvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AI also reduces the cost and risk of maintaining a ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AI reduces the risk of spreading ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bulls can produce how many straws of semen per ejaculate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many straws does it typically take to produce an AI calf? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is an artificial vagina used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an electric charge to the rectum of a male causes ejaculation. What is the device called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when man retrieves semen deposited in a female? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in manual massage, the handler massages the sire's ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is fresh semen good for? (properly handled) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sperm is judged on 6 criteria: |
|
Definition
| motility, volume, density, abnormalities, color, and ph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| milk, egg yolk (not white), glycerol |
|
|
Term
| list two universal signs of estrus |
|
Definition
restlessness
clear mucus discharge from vagina |
|
|
Term
| Are vasectomized males sexually active? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the difference in sexual performance between a vasectomized male and a non-vasectomized male? |
|
Definition
| the vasectomized does not ejaculate sperm |
|
|
Term
| what are teaser males used for? |
|
Definition
| to identify females in estrus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| steers given testosterone for an increase in libido |
|
|
Term
| treated females have no ovaries yet we inject them with estrogen to increase their libido. Why? |
|
Definition
| because they will mount cows in heat |
|
|
Term
| the vasa deferentia is altered in ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
