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| Genetics is the science of____ |
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| Heredity is the transmission of ___ or ______ of parents to offspring |
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| Are farm animals normally diploid (2n) or haploid (1n)? |
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| What are the gametes in females called? |
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Definition
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| What are gametes in males called? |
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Definition
| Spermatozoa or sperm cell |
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Term
| Are gametes haploid or diploid? |
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Term
| A gene's location (aka loci, locus) on a chromosome is called an ____ |
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| I matched up all the matching chromosomes from a diploid critter. The matched pairs are referred to as _______ |
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Allele pairs are our ____types
Our physical characteristics are our _____types |
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| What is the formation of gametes called? |
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Term
| What cell division takes place in gametogenesis? |
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Term
| What is the fertilized ova called? |
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Term
| When a diploid cell divides through mitosis, how many diploid and how many haploid cells do you end up with? |
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Term
| What is mitosis cell division for? |
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Term
| meiosis means "to make ____" |
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Term
Which sex chromosome pattern is seen in ova/ovum?
X or XX |
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Definition
X
XX is diploid
sex chromosomes are divisions of the diploid into haploid |
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Term
Which sex chromosome pattern is seen in sperm?
X, XX, YY, Y or XY
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Definition
X or Y
sperm are haploid and half are X and half are Y |
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Term
| Since both of the sex chromosomes in females are XX, they are called___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Since males have X AND Y sex chromosomes, they are called___ |
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Term
| What are the sex chromosomes in avian species? |
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Term
Which is dominant:
Cows- black or red coat? |
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Definition
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Term
Which is dominant:
Cows: Polled or horned? |
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Definition
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Which is dominant:
Horse: black, chestnut, or sorrel? |
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Which is dominant:
swine: black or red hair? |
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Definition
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Which is dominant:
swine: erect or droopy ears? |
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Term
| In "Pp" if polled=P, what is "p"? |
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Term
| What is the basic material of heredity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each strand of DNA is called a _____ because of its repeating units |
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Term
| Fitness refers to an organism's ability to ____ |
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Definition
| survive in a given environment |
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Term
| What is Artificial Selection? |
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Definition
another term for blind dates, heheh, though 100% true!
Its when WE choose who breeds and with whom they breed. |
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Term
| The gene______ is changed in Artificial Selection |
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Definition
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Term
| Genetic improvement of farm animals depends on the existence of genetic_____ |
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Definition
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Term
| There are two kinds of genetic variation: |
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Definition
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Term
| there are two types of non-additive genetic variations: |
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Definition
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Term
| What are qualitative traits? |
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Definition
| traits associated with quality of the animal e.g. color, horns, conformation |
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Term
| What are quantitative traits? |
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Definition
traits associated with quantity
eg. weaning weight, rate of weight gain, fleece weight, number of offspring, number of eggs layed |
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Term
| What is standard deviation? |
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Definition
| a measure of dispersion off the mean in a bell curve |
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Term
| culling is the opposite of_____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The more traits selected for, the smaller the___ |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Generation Interval? |
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Definition
| The average age of the parents when the offspring are born |
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Term
I believe slides #109-111 ARE on the exam.
See the PPT on Blackboard for the Breeding slides. |
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Definition
| The slides are too complex to post for now |
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Term
| Inbreeding is the production of offspring by parents more related than the ____ of the _____ they came from. |
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| Inbreeding: Common ancestors within the last ____ generations |
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| Inbreeding is used to increase _____ in a population |
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Definition
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Term
| does inbreeding create recessive genes? |
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Term
| Increased homozygosity through inbreeding increases.... |
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Term
| Inbreeding can be used to eliminate ______ from an inbred population |
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Definition
| detrimental recessive genes |
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Term
| the main objective of inbreeding is.... |
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Definition
| a form of inbreeding to concentrate the inheritance of one or more ancestors in a pedigree |
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Term
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Definition
| mating within the breed but not with a relative |
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Definition
| mating individuals of two different breeds |
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Term
| crossbreeding is used to decrease ______ within a population |
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Definition
| superiority over the average of the purebreds |
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Term
| What are the 3 systems of selection? |
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Definition
tandem
independent culling
selection index |
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