Term
|
Definition
| A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from both parents via the gametes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the diploid cell formed by the union of haploid gametes during fertilizatiion; a fertilized egg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male gamete, generally smaller and motile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the generation of offspring from a single parent that produce without the fusion of a gametes, the offspring identical to the parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new individuals arise from outgrowths of existing ones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the seperation of a parent organism into two individuals of approximately equal size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one step of the asexual reproduction, the breaking of the body into several pieces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of asexual reproduction in which eggs develop without being fertilized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the release of mature eggs, occurs at the midpoint of each cycle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which an individual has both male and female gonads and functions as both a male and a female in sexual reproduction by producing both sperm and eggs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. the union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fertilization happens in the environment. The female releases eggs in the environment and the male then fertilizes them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sperm are deposited in or near the female reproductiove tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemicals released by one organism that can influence the physiology and behavior of other individuals of the same species. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a male or female gamete-producing organs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| singular spermatheca, in many insects a sac in the female reproducctive system where sperm are stored for extended periods of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a common opening for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts found in many nonmammalian vertebrates but in few mammals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| singular testis, male reproductive orgen or male gonads, in which sperm and reproductive hormones are produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a highly coiled tube in the testis in which sperm are produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pouch of skin outside the abdomen that houses the testes; functions in maintaining the testes at the lower temperature required for spermatogenesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a coil tubule located adjacent to the mammalian testis where sperm are stored |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in mammals the tube in the male repruductive system in which sperm travel from epididymis to the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a tube that releases urine from the mammalian body near the vagina in females and through the penis in males; also serves in males as the exit tube for the reproductive system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fluid that ejaculated by the male during orgasm; contains sperm and secretion from several glands of the male reproductive tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a gland in males that secretes a fluid component of semes that lubricates and nourishes sperm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a gland in human males that secretes an acid-neutralizing component of semen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the rounded structure at the tip of the clitoris or penis that is involved in sexual arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fold of skin that covers the head of the clitoris or penis. This is what is removed if a male is circumcised |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the structure that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones, female gonads held in place in the abdominal cavity by ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a microscopic structure in the ovary that containes the developing oocyte and secretes estrogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cell in the female reproductive system that differentiates to form an egg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| or fallopian tube; a tube passing from the ovary to the vagina in vertebrates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also knows as the womb; a thick musclular organ in the female reproductive system that can expand during pregnancy to accomodate a fetus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the inner lining of the uterus which is richly supplied with blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the neck of the uterus that opens into the vagina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collective term for the female external genitalia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organ at the upper intersection of the labia minora that engorges with blood and becomes erect during sexual arousal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| present in both sexes; an exocrine gland that secretes milk for nourishing the young normally only in females |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process in which gametes are produced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the formation and development of sperm is continuous and prolific in human male testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the development of mature oocytes (eggs) is a prolonged process in human females in the ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| singular spermatogonium; a cell divides mitotically to form spermatocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| singular ooginium; a cell that divides mitotically to form oocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an oocyte prior to completion of meiosis I |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an oocyte that has completed meiosis I, released at ovulation when its follicle breaks open |
|
|
Term
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
|
Definition
| a tropic hormone that is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary and that stimulates the production of eggs by the ovaries and sperm by the testes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a tropic hormone that is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitory and that stimulates ovulation in females and androgen production in males |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a steroid hormone required for development of a male reproductive system, spermatogenesis, and male secondary sex characteristics; the major androgen in mammals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a steroid hormone that stimulates the development and maintanence of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics; the major estrogen in mammals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a steroid hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy;the major progestin for mammals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in humans in certain other primates, a type of repruductive cycle in which the nonpregnant endometrium is shed through the cervix into the vagina; also called the menstrual cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cyclic recurance of the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase in the mammalian ovary, regulated by hormones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the condition resulting from the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cessation of ovulation and menstruation marking the end of human female reproductive years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a reproductive cycle characteristic of females mammals except humans and certain other primates in the absence of pregnancy the uterus reabsorbs the endometrium and no extensive fluid flow occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| or fertilization, occurs when a sperm fuseswith an egg(marure oocyte) in an oviduct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed about a week after fertilization. the blastula stage of mammalian development, consisting of an inner cell mass, a cabity and an outer layer, the trophoblast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as pregnancy. the condition of carrying one or more embryos in the uterus. |
|
|
Term
| human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
|
Definition
| acts like pituitary LH in maintaining secretion of progesterone and estrogens by the corpus luteum through the first months of pregnancy. Some hCG passes from the maternal blood to the urine, where it can be detected by the most common early pregnancy tests. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the outer layer of the blastocyst. it forms the fetal part of the placenta , supporting embryonic development but not forming part of the embryo proper. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disk-shaped organ, containing both embryotic and maternal blood vessels can weigh close to 1kg at birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the development of the body organs during the first trimester; during this time the embryo is particularly subceptible to damages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormonal contraceptive; causes thickening of a woman's cervical mucus so that it blocks sperm from entering the uterus. It also decreases the frequency of ovulation and causes changes in the endometrium that may interfere with implantation if fertilization occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a means of sterilization in which a woman's two oviducts (fallopian tubes) are tied closed and a segment of each is removes to prevent eggs from reaching the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cutting and sealing of each vas deferens to prevent sperm from entering the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fertilization of oocytes in laboratory containers followed by artificialimplantatiom of the early embryo in the mother's uterus |
|
|
