Term
| What does some of the best and known adaptations involving animals include? |
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Definition
| Their feeding and digestion |
|
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Term
| Where are the burmese pythons located? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is special about the starfish? |
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Definition
| Its stomach comes outside of its body to eat and its arms are really strong |
|
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Term
| What are digestive systems of filter feeders like? |
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Definition
| They have no true tissues, organs, gastrovascular cavity and true digestive system (alimentary canal) |
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Term
| What happens during sumple intracellular digestion? |
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Definition
| Food is taken up into food vacuoles where enzymatic and chemical digestion occurs |
|
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Term
| What kind of feeding does a paramecium represent? |
|
Definition
| Simple intracellular digestion |
|
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Term
| What does the sponge do to digest? |
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Definition
| It brings in food particiles in the mucus, take them into the vacuoles, then send them through vacuole transportation |
|
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Term
| What are the three types of extracellular digestion? |
|
Definition
outside organism
gastrovascular cavities
alimentary canal |
|
|
Term
| What happens in extracellular digestion? |
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Definition
| Digestive enzymes are secreted onto the food source, nutrient are absorbed |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the gastrovascular cavity:Hydra? |
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Definition
-extracellular digestion
-increased surfacea area |
|
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Term
| What does increased surface area do during gastrovascular cavity:Hydra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a disadvantage of gastrovascular cavity? |
|
Definition
| It cannot eat continuously |
|
|
Term
| What is the alimentary canal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 basic parts of the alimentary canal? |
|
Definition
mouth
Mechanical digestion
storage
absorption
anus |
|
|
Term
| What is specific to the mamalian mouth? |
|
Definition
Mechanical
enzymatic
salivary amylase
moistened and dissolving with saliva
peristaltic contraction to stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is an enzyme that digests starch |
|
|
Term
| What makes the mammalian stomach specialized? |
|
Definition
muscular organ (1liter capacity)
esophageal sphincter,phyloric sphicter rugae (ridges) |
|
|
Term
| What are three digestive mechanisms that occur in mammalian stomachs? |
|
Definition
mechanical
chemical
enzymatic |
|
|
Term
| What happens during protein digestion? |
|
Definition
| some absorptionof water, small molecules like ethanol and aspirin |
|
|
Term
| What happens during the chemical digestive mechanism? |
|
Definition
| it has a pH around 2 -breaks down food |
|
|
Term
| What breaks down protein during enzymatic digestive mechanism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens with absorption of digestive mechanisms? |
|
Definition
| low surface are, water, small molecules such as ethanol, aspirin |
|
|
Term
| Why doesn't pepsin digest stomach? |
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Definition
| The gastric gland create a constant flow of fluids that moves out to the middle of the stomach, mucus, and produces pepsinogen |
|
|
Term
| parietal cells create what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do chief cells create? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two things mus pepsin need in order to be activated? |
|
Definition
The chief cells (pepsunogen)
andÂ
Parietal cells (HCl) |
|
|
Term
IClicker question: Infection of stomach mucosa by helicobacter pylori causes pariental cells to produce excess HCl this results in:
A)pepsinogen that is never activated
B)Stomach pH rise to pH 12
C)Self digestion and gastric ulcers |
|
Definition
| C) self digestion and gastric ulcers |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the small intestine? |
|
Definition
Most of the enzymatic digestion occurs here
acid neutralized
starch, protein, lipids digested |
|
|
Term
| What is one of the hardest working tissues of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the acidity from the stomach removed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the small intestine avoid digesting itself? |
|
Definition
| The pancreas secretes Trypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, and chymotrypsin in their inactive form and once they are activated, turns into Trypsin, Carboxupeptidase, adn Chymotrypsin |
|
|
Term
| How are the inactive forms from the pancreas activate? |
|
Definition
| It uses an activating enzyme...Membrane-bound enteropetidase |
|
|
Term
| What does the membrane-bound enteropeptidase activate? and what happens after that? |
|
Definition
| It activates the Trypsin and the Trypsin activates the rest of them like a trigger effect, so that they can attack the protein molecule completely |
|
|
Term
| Where dos most nutrient absorption take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a structure of the small intestine, what the ridges inside the small intestine are covered with |
|
|
Term
| Where is the epithelial cells located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the major function of the Large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for the large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the large intestine rich in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does bacteria digest in the large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do some symbiotic bacteria in the Large intestine produce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the digestion in Paramecium |
|
Definition
intracellular in vacuoles
digestive enzyme
low ph |
|
|
Term
| What is extracellular digestion? |
|
Definition
| the type found in digestive systems |
|
|
Term
| Describe the mechanical digestion of the stomach |
|
Definition
| churning of contents due to contraction and ridges on wall |
|
|
Term
| What are the three things trypsin activates? |
|
Definition
| Trypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, chymotrypsinogen |
|
|
Term
| What is the surface area of the small intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the structure of the villi show? |
|
Definition
| that the epithelial cells with the microvilli that absorb the nutrients after digestion have capillaries right next to them to carry the nutrients to the rest of the body |
|
|
Term
| What is produced by the digestion of cellulose in the stomach? |
|
Definition
| methane and carbon dioxide gas |
|
|
Term
| What is the lease understood part of the digestive system? |
|
Definition
| The large intestine, there may be things that the bacteria in the human gut do that we don't understand verywell |
|
|
Term
| What is the main difference in the vertebrate digestive system of the coyote vs the koala? |
|
Definition
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