Term
|
Definition
*gametes
*haploid male or female
*A sex cell—a sperm or egg. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*molecule containing the instructions/info for organismal development & repro
*the molecule that forms the genetic code |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
package DNA
*One of a number of long strands of DNA and associated proteins present in the nucleus of every cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell containing only 1 set of chromsomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell containing 2 sets of chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* func units in chromosomes/ of DNA seq
*produce proteins
*The basic physical unit of heredity consisting of a DNA sequence at a specific location on a chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a specfifc location/ position in genome
*The specific location of a gene on a chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* a variant of a locus or gene
* EX: red allele, black allele |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| * reesults b/c of mutation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*combination of alleles @ a locus/loci
*The combination of genes at a single locus or at a number of loci. We speak of one-locus genotypes, two-locus genotypes, and so on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gamete formation
*The process of germ cell formation.
*Somatic cell -> gamete |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
LAW OF SEGREGATION
*alleles segregate into gametes such that e. gamete has only 1 allele
*only consider a single locus
LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
*allelex from diff loci segregate independently during gamete formation
*involves 2 loci that are unrelated
LAW OF DOMINANCE
* an ind w/ at least one dominant allele will display the dominant allele's pheno |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*when you have to loci on one chromosome
*linked |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
COMPLETE DOMINANCE
* expression of the heterozygote is identical to the expression of the homozygous dominant genotype
NO DOMINANCE
*expression of the heterozygote is exactly midway between the expressions of the homozygous genotypes
INCOMPLETE/PARTIAL DOMINANCE
*expression of the heterozygote is intermediate to the expressions of the homozygous genotypes and more closely resembles the expression of the homozygous dominant genotype
OVER DOMINANCE
*expression of the heterozygote is outside the range defined by the expressions of the homozygous genotypes and most closely resembles the expression of the homozygous dominant genotype |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a tool for determining the genotypic and pheno freq of offspring from a particular cross
*A two-dimensional grid used to determine the possible zygotes obtainable from a mating
*# squares depends on # loci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
x: # of unique allele combos
n: # of heterozygous loci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an interaction between alleles from the same locus (intra-locus interaction)
*An interaction between genes at a single locus such that in heterozygotes one allele has more effect than the other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*alleles interacting across loci
*an interaction amoung alleles at diff loci (inter-locus interaction) such that the phenotypic expression of 1 locus depends on what alleles are present @ the other locus
* EX: coat color in labs ==> affected by 2 loci (B & E)
*An interaction among genes at different loci such that the expression of genes at one locus depends on the alleles present at one or more other loci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
random sampling of alleles during gamete formation AND random gamete pair that forms a zygote
*Creates vaiation in a cross
*The random sampling of parental genes caused by segregation and independent assortment of genes during germ cell formation and by random selection of gametes in the formation of the embryo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The independent segregation of genes at different loci |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The formation of a new combination of genes on a chromosome as a result of crossing over |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outcome of 1 event does not influence of another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a random process where random alleles are passed from parents to zygote |
|
|
